Chapter 13 provides an overview of energy production and use as a major source of pollution, and how that pollution may be alleviated. Section I surveys world demand for energy. Section II concentrates on motor vehicle pollution and how we can reduce that pollution. Section III delves into pollution from electricity generation and use and means to reduce that pollution. Section IV briefly examines nuclear power. Section V summarizes renewable sources of energy. Finally Section VI looks at plans directed toward sustainable energy generation.

SECTION I

Energy demand, usage

Overviewing world energy use

The continuing increase in world energy demand is being viewed with alarm. Between 1970 and 1997 world energy consumption nearly doubled, and is projected to grow 57% between 2004 to 2030 (Figure 13.1). Worldwide, total energy use is projected to grow from 447 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2004 to 702 quadrillion Btu in 2030. In less-developed countries energy consumption is projected to rise three times as fast as in OECD countries. And as energy use increases, so does pollution.