Introduction

Laurent Cantet's Time Out (L'Emploi du Temps) is an eerie and uncanny film that explores contemporary working conditions in France and the desperate, even psychotic lengths some will go to in order to maintain their identities as working members of society. Like his first feature film, Human Resources (Ressources Humaines), which examined capitalism's role in disrupting and dividing working-class families, Time Out explores the detrimental effects unemployment has on an upper-middle-class family, as Vincent, the film's protagonist, spirals out of control when he loses his job and decides to concoct a make-believe position at the United Nations. As films that explore the insidious effect capitalistic work has on the home, Time Out and Human Resources offer insight into the unhomely reality of contemporary estrangement. Indeed, while in Time Out Cantet moves away from the issue of working-class injustice, the film can nonetheless be read in terms of the Marxist concept of alienation. As Bert Cardullo writes,