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  3. The War on Witchcraft
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
June 2021
Print publication year:
2021
Online ISBN:
9781108953313
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108953313
Series:
Elements in Magic
Subjects:
Religion, Religion: General Interest
Information

Book description

Historians of the early modern witch-hunt often begin histories of their field with the theories propounded by Margaret Murray and Montague Summers in the 1920s. They overlook the lasting impact of nineteenth-century scholarship, in particular the contributions by two American historians, Andrew Dickson White (1832–1918) and George Lincoln Burr (1857–1938). Study of their work and scholarly personae contributes to our understanding of the deeply embedded popular understanding of the witch-hunt as representing an irrational past in opposition to an enlightened present. Yet the men's relationship with each other, and with witchcraft sceptics – the heroes of their studies – also demonstrates how their writings were part of a larger war against 'unreason'. This Element thus lays bare the ways scholarly masculinity helped shape witchcraft historiography, a field of study often seen as dominated by feminist scholarship. Such meditation on past practice may foster reflection on contemporary models of history writing.

Reviews

‘… Masculinity emerges as an important theme. Machielsen shows that White and Burr both saw history as a story of Great Men, and actively valued masculine characteristics. I hope that this book will be taken up as a contribution to the history of nineteenth-century masculinity.'

Julian Goodare Source: Folklore

References

Bibliography

Manuscripts

  • Herman Paul, ‘Sources of the Self: Scholarly Personae as Repertoires of Scholarly Selfhood’, BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review, 131, no. 4 (2016), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.10268

  • Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Rare and Manuscript Collections

    • Andrew Dickson White papers, 1832–1919 [Collection Number: 1–2–2]

    • See the inventory at: https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMA00002.html.

    • NB: Most of White’s papers are available on-line in the form of digitized PDFs of 148 microfilms: https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/43964. Unfortunately, these are organized differently from the physical originals and they also include items from other collections. In fact, the entirety of White’s correspondence with Burr can be found amongst George Lincoln Burr’s papers (on which, see below). As I have consulted part of the letters in person and part digitally, I have decided to reference them solely by place and date but they can be retrieved using the link above and the following (digitized) inventory: Herb Finch, Andrew Dickson White Papers at Cornell University, 1846–1919 (Ithaca, NY: Collection of Regional History and University Archives, 1970). https://hdl.handle.net/1813/44116.

    • George Lincoln Burr papers, 1861–1942 [Collection Number: 14–17–22]

    • See the inventory at: https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMA00022.html.

  • Oxford, Bodleian Library

    • MS Bryce USA 12.

  • Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania

    • MS Coll. 111: Henry Charles Lea papers, Box 4, Folders 207–9.

Publications by Andrew Dickson White (Sorted Chronologically)

‘Glimpses of Universal History’. The New Englander, 15 (1857), 398–427.
Outlines of a Course of Lectures on History, Addressed to the Senior Class (Detroit: H. Barns & Co., 1861).
‘Jefferson and Slavery’, The Atlantic Monthly, 9 (January 1862), 29–40.
‘The Statesmanship of Richelieu’, The Atlantic Monthly, 9 (May 1862), 611–24.
‘The Development and Overthrow of the Russian Serf-System’, The Atlantic Monthly, 10 (November 1862), 539–52.
‘The American Institute: First of the Course of Scientific Lectures; Prof. White on “The Battle-Fields of Science”’, New York Daily Tribune, 18 December 1869.
Outlines of a Course of Lectures on History, Addressed to the Senior Class (Ithaca, NY: The University Press, 1870).
Report Submitted to the Trustees of Cornell University, [on] Behalf of a Majority of the Committee on Mr Sage’s Proposal to Endow a College for Women (Ithaca, NY: The University Press, 1872).
The Warfare of Science. London: Henry S. King & Co., 1876.
‘The New Germany’, Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York, 14 (1882), 205–58. https://doi.org/10.2307/196474.
‘What Profession Shall I Choose and How Shall I Fit Myself or It?’ With a Brief Statement of Facilities Offered at the Cornell University (Ithaca, NY: s.n., 1884).
Some Practical Influences of German Thought upon the United States (Ithaca, NY: Andrus & Church, 1884).
‘On Studies in General History and the History of Civilization’, Papers of the American Historical Association, 1, no. 2 (1885), 49–72.
Evolution and Revolution: An Address Delivered at the Annual Commencement of the University of Michigan, June 26, 1890 (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, 1890).
A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, 2 vols. (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1896).
Proceedings at the Laying of a Wreath on the Tomb of Hugo Grotius in the Nieuwe Kerk, in the City of Delft (The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1899).
Autobiography of Andrew Dickson White, 2 vols. (New York: The Century Co., 1905).
Seven Great Statesmen in the Warfare of Humanity with Unreason (New York: The Century Co., 1910).

Publications by George Lincoln Burr (Sorted Chronologically)

NB: Many of Burr’s publications were assembled (often incorporating later hand-written corrections), together with a short biography by Roland H. Bainton, in:
Gibbons, Lois Oliphant (ed.), George Lincoln Burr: His Life [and] Selections from His Writings, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1943.

This volume is abbreviated below as Gibbons (ed.), Burr in the entries below, with the original year of publication of the item in brackets [].

‘On the Loos Manuscript’ [1886], in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 147–55.
‘The Literature of Witchcraft’ [1889] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 166–89.
‘The Fate of Dietrich Flade’ [1890] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 190–233.
‘The Living Gospel’ [1891] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 234–42.
‘Sketch of Andrew Dickson White’, Popular Science Monthly, February 1896, 546–56.
(ed.), The Witch-Persecutions, Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History (Philadelphia: The Department of History of the University of Pennsylvania, 1897).
‘A Witch-Hunter in the Book-Shops’ [1902] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 294–308.
‘Religious Progress’ [1905] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, 309–15.
‘New England’s Place in the History of Witchcraft’ [1911] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 352–77.
‘Andrew Dickson White’ [1918] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 415–19.
‘Review of Review of The Witch-Cult in Western Europe: A Study in Anthropology, by Margaret Alice Murray’, The American Historical Review, 27, no. 4 (1922), 780–83. https://doi.org/10.2307/1837549.
‘A Group of Four Books on Witchcraft and Demonology’ [1928] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 491–95.
‘Review of “Witchcraft in Old and New England”; By George Lyman Kittredge, Gurney Professor of English Literature in Harvard University’, American Historical Review, 34, no. 4 (1929), 814–17. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/34.4.814.
‘Introduction to Lea’s Materials toward a History of Witchcraft’ [1938] in Gibbons, (ed.), Burr, pp. 454–74.

Other Pre-1900 Publications

Adams, Charles Kendall, ‘A Manuscript and a Man’, The Nation, 11 November 1886.
Boulton, Richard, A Compleat History of Magick, Sorcery, and Witchcraft (London: E. Curll, J. Pemberton, and W. Taylor, 1715).
Delrio, Martin, Disquisitionum magicarum libri sex in tres tomos partiti, 3 vols. (Mainz: Johannes Albinus, 1603).
Draper, John William, History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1875).
Glover, A. Kingsley, ‘Rome and the Inquisitions’, The North American Review, 141, no. 349 (1885), 533–39.
Hutchinson, Francis, An Historical Essay Concerning Witchcraft: With Observations upon Matters of Fact; Tending to Clear the Texts of the Sacred Scriptures and Confute the Vulgar Errors about That Point (London: R. Knaplock and D. Midwinter, 1718).
Scott, Sir Walter, Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft Addressed to J. G. Lockhart, Esq. (London: John Murray, 1830).
Thomasius, Christian, Disputatio iuris canonici de origine ac progressu processus inquisitorii contra sagas (Halle: Johann Christoph Krebs, 1712).

Publications Post-1900

Alberti, Johanna, Gender and the Historian (Harlow: Longman, 2002).
Almond, Philip C., England’s First Demonologist Reginald Scot and ‘The Discoverie of Witchcraft’ (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011).
Almond, Philip C., ‘You Think This Is a Witch Hunt, Mr President? That’s an Insult to the Women Who Suffered’, The Conversation, 20 January 2020. http://theconversation.com/you-think-this-is-a-witch-hunt-mr-president-thats-an-insult-to-the-women-who-suffered-129775.
Altschuler, Glenn C., Andrew D. White, Educator, Historian, Diplomat (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1979).
Apps, Lara, and Gow, Andrew Colin, Male Witches in Early Modern Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003).
Bainton, Roland H. ‘His Life’ in Gibbons, Lois Oliphant (ed.), George Lincoln Burr: His Life and Selections from His Writings (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1943), pp. 3–143.
Beach, Mark B., ‘Andrew Dickson White as Ex-President: The Plight of a Retired Reformer’, American Quarterly, 17, no. 2 (1965), 239–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/2711357.
Behringer, Wolfgang, ‘Germany’ in Golden, Richard M. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Witchcraft: The Western Tradition (Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2006), vol. II, pp. 416–17.
Behringer, Wolfgang, ‘Neun Millionen Hexen: Entstehung, Tradition und Kritik eines poplären Mythos’, Geschichte in Wissenschaft und Unterricht 49, no. 11 (1998), 664–85.
Behringer, Wolfgang, ‘Witchcraft Studies in Austria, Germany and Switzerland’ in Barry, Jonathan, Hester, Marianne, and Roberts, Gareth (eds.), Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe: Studies in Culture and Belief (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 64–95.
Bordin, Ruth, Andrew Dickson White, Teacher of History (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan, 1958).
Bostridge, Ian, Witchcraft and Its Transformations, c.1650–c.1750 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997).
Brooke, John Hedley, Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
Cameron, Euan, Enchanted Europe: Superstition, Reason, and Religion, 1250–1750 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010).
‘Centenary of Birth of Dr. Andrew White Celebrated by Alumni’, Cornell Daily Sun, 12 November 1932.
Clark, Stuart, Thinking with Demons: The Idea of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997).
Clark, William, Academic Charisma and the Origins of the Research University (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006).
Cohn, Norman, Europe’s Inner Demons: An Enquiry Inspired by the Great Witch-Hunt (London: Chatto & Windus, 1975).
Daly, Mary, Gyn/Ecology (London: The Women’s Press, 1979).
Daston, Lorraine and Otto Sibum, H., ‘Introduction: Scientific Personae and Their Histories’, Science in Context, 16, no. 1–2 (2003), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026988970300067X.
Davies, Owen, and Willem, de Blécourt (eds.), Witchcraft Continued: Popular Magic in Modern Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004).
Davis, Natalie Zemon, ‘Gender and Genre: Women as Historical Writers, 1400-1820’ in Labalme, Patricia H. (ed.), Beyond Their Sex: Learned Women of the European Past (New York: New York University Press, 1980), pp. 153–82.
Dixon, Thomas, Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008).
‘Dr A.D. White dies: A Cornell Founder’, New York Times, 5 November 1918.
Epple, Angelika, ‘Historiographiegeschichte als Diskursanalyse und Analytik der Macht: eine Neubestimmung der Geschichtsschreibung unter den Bedingungen der Geschlechtergeschichte’, L’Homme: Zeitschrift für Feministische Geschichtswissenschaft, 15, no. 1 (2004), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.25595/1045.
Epple, Angelika, and Schaser, Angelika (eds.), Gendering Historiography: Beyond National Canons (Frankfurt: Campus Verlag, 2009).
Estes, Leland L., ‘Incarnations of Evil: Changing Perspectives on the European Witch Craze’, Clio 13, no. 2 (1984), 133–47.
‘Excerpt from Prof. Burr’s Speech’, Cornell Daily Sun, 12 November 1932.
Falk, Seb, The Light Ages: A Medieval Journey of Discovery (London: Allen Lane, 2020).
Fels, Tony, Switching Sides: How a Generation of Historians Lost Sympathy for the Victims of the Salem Witch Hunt (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018).
Ferngren, Gary B., Science and Religion: A Historical Introduction (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002).
Franz, Gunther, ‘Antonius Hovaeus, Cornelius Loos und Friedrich Spee: Drei Gegner der Hexenprozesse in Echternach und Trier’ in Franz, Gunther, Gehl, Günter, and Irsigler, Franz (eds.), Hexenprozesse und deren Gegner im Trierisch-Lothringischen Raum (Weimar: Dadder, 1997), pp. 117–42.
Fudge, Thomas A., ‘Traditions and Trajectories in the Historiography of European Witch Hunting’, History Compass, 4, no. 3 (2006), 488–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2006.00310.x.
Gaskill, Malcolm, ‘The Pursuit of Reality: Recent Research into the History of Witchcraft’, The Historical Journal, 51, no. 4 (2008), 1069–99. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X0800719X.
Gibson, Marion, Witchcraft Myths in American Culture (London: Routledge, 2007).
Guerlac, Henry, ‘George Lincoln Burr’, Isis, 35, no. 2 (1944), 147–52. https://doi.org/10.1086/358686.
Guskin, Phyllis J., ‘The Context of Witchcraft: The Case of Jane Wenham (1712)’, Eighteenth-Century Studies, 15, no. 1 (1981), 48–71. https://doi.org/10.2307/2738402.
Haines, Patricia Foster, ‘For Honor and Alma Mater: Perspectives on Coeducation at Cornell University, 1868–1885’, The Journal of Education, 159, no. 3 (1977), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/002205747615900305.
Harrison, Peter, ‘Myth 24: That Religion Has Typically Impeded the Progress of Science’ in Numbers, Ronald L. and Kampourakis, Kostas (eds.), Newton’s Apple and Other Myths about Science (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015), pp. 195–201.
Harrison, Peter, The Territories of Science and Religion (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015).
Hawkins, Mike, Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860–1945: Nature as Model and Nature as Threat (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
Hewett, Waterman Thomas, Cornell University: A History, 4 vols. (New York: The University Publishing Society, 1905).
Hoorens, Vera, Een ketterse arts voor de heksen: Jan Wier, 1515–1588 (Amsterdam: Bakker, 2011).
Hunter, Michael, The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2020).
Hutton, Ronald, The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999).
Hutton, Ronald, The Witch: A History of Fear, from Ancient Times to the Present (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017).
Iggers, Georg G., ‘The Image of Ranke in American and German Historical Thought’, History and Theory 2, no. 1 (1962), 17–40. https://doi.org/10.2307/2504333.
Iggers, Georg G., The Intellectual Foundations of Nineteenth-Century “Scientific” History: The German Model’ in Macintyre, Stuart, Maiguashca, Juan, and Pók, Attila (eds.), The Oxford History of Historical Writing, vol. IV: 1800–1945 (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 41–57.
Institoris, Heinrich, and Sprenger, Jakob, Malleus Maleficarum: The Hammer of Witches, ed. and trans. Mackay, Christopher S, 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).
Johnstone, Nathan, The New Atheism, Myth, and History: The Black Legends of Contemporary Anti-Religion (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018).
Kauertz, Claudia, Wissenschaft und Hexenglaube: Die Diskussion des Zauber- und Hexenwesens an der Universität Helmstedt, 1576–1626 (Bielefeld: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2001).
Kemper, Dietmar, ‘Frank Sobiech Erhält den Preis des Paderborner Geschichtsvereins: Friedrich Spee und die Hexen’, Westfalen-Blatt, 10 December 2019.
Kimmel, Michael, Manhood in America: A Cultural History (New York: Free Press, 1996).
Kittredge, George Lyman, Notes on Witchcraft (Worcester, MA: The Davis Press, 1907).
Levack, Brian P., ‘Crime and the Law’ in Barry, Jonathan and Davies, Owen (eds.), Palgrave Advances in Witchcraft Historiography (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), pp. 146–63.
Lindberg, David C., and Numbers, Ronald L., ‘Beyond War and Peace: A Reappraisal of the Encounter between Christianity and Science’, Church History, 55, no. 3 (1986), 338–54. https://doi.org/10.2307/3166822.
Lingelbach, Gabriele, ‘The Institutionalization and Professionalization of History in Europe and the United States’ in Macintyre, Stuart, Maiguashca, Juan, and Pók, Attila (eds.), The Oxford History of Historical Writing, vol. IV: 1800–1945 (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 78–96.
Livio, Mario, Galileo and the Science Deniers (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020).
Lowenthal, David, The Past Is a Foreign Country – Revisited, rev. ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015).
Machielsen, Jan, Martin Delrio: Demonology and Scholarship in the Counter-Reformation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015).
Machielsen, Jan, ‘Review of “The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment”’, Reviews in History, no. 2393 (2000). https://reviews.history.ac.uk/review/2393.
Malkiel, Nancy Weiss, “Keep the Damned Women Out”: The Struggle for Coeducation (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016).
Meyer, Thomas Hilarius, ‘Systematische Theologie, katechetische Strenge und pädagogisches Augenmaß: Die Tübinger Theologen und die Hexenverfolgungen am Beispiel Jakob Heerbrands’ in Köpf, Ulrich, Lorenz, Sönke, and Bauer, Dieter R. (eds.), Die Universität Tübingen zwischen Reformation und Dreißigjährigem Krieg (Ostfilderen: Jan Thorbecke, 2010), pp. 165–80.
Miller, Arthur, ‘Why I Wrote “The Crucible”’, The New Yorker, 14 October 1996.
Monter, E. William, ‘The Historiography of European Witchcraft: Progress and Prospects’, The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 2, no. 4 (1972), 435–51. https://doi.org/10.2307/202315.
Murray, Margaret Alice, My First Hundred Years (London: William Kimber, 1963).
Notestein, Wallace, A History of Witchcraft in England from 1558 to 1718 (Washington: The American Historical Association, 1911).
Novick, Peter, That Noble Dream: The ‘Objectivity Question’ and the American Historical Profession (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988).
Numbers, Ronald L. (ed.), Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009).
Numbers, Ronald L., and Kampourakis, Kostas (eds.), Newton’s Apple and Other Myths about Science (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015).
Nuttall, A. D., Dead from the Waist Down: Scholars and Scholarship in Literature and the Popular Imagination (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003).
Oates, Caroline, A Coven of Scholars: Margaret Murray and Her Working Methods (London: Folklore Society, 1998).
Ogden, Robert Morris (ed.), The Diaries of Andrew D. White (Ithaca: Cornell University Library, 1959).
Park, Katharine, ‘That the Medieval Church Prohibited Human Dissection’ in Numbers, Ronald L. (ed.), Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), pp. 43–9.
Paul, Herman, ‘What Is a Scholarly Persona? Ten Theses on Virtues, Skills, and Desires’, History and Theory 53 (2014), 348–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.10717.
Persecution and Liberty: Essays in Honor of George Lincoln Burr (New York: The Century Co., 1931).
Pooley, William. ‘Magical Capital: Witchcraft and the Press in Paris, c. 1789–1939’ in Bell, Karl (ed.), Supernatural Cities: Enchantment, Anxiety and Spectrality (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2019), pp. 25–44.
Pooley, William, ‘Review of “The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment” by Michael Hunter’, Folklore, 131, no. 4 (2020), 443–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587X.2020.1827834.
Purkiss, Diane, The Witch in History: Early Modern and Twentieth-Century Representations (London: Routledge, 1996).
‘Retires in February: G. L. Burr’, The Cornell Daily Sun, 20 January 1922.
Robbins, Rossell Hope, Witchcraft: An Introduction to the Literature of Witchcraft, Being the Preface and Introduction to the Catalogue of the Witchcraft Collection in Cornell University Library (Millwood: KTO Press, 1978).
Roper, Lyndal, Oedipus and the Devil: Witchcraft, Sexuality and Religion in Early Modern Europe (London: Routledge, 1994).
Rosen, Edward, ‘Calvin’s Attitude Toward Copernicus’, Journal of the History of Ideas, 21, no. 3 (1960), 431–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/2708147.
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Rowlands, Alison (ed.), Witchcraft and Masculinities in Early Modern Europe (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009).
Rublack, Ulinka, The Astronomer and the Witch: Johannes Kepler’s Fight for his Mother (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015).
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Schaefer, Richard. ‘Andrew Dickson White and the History of a Religious Future’, Zygon, 50, no. 1 (2015), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/zygo.12148.
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Scholer, Othon, ‘“O Kehricht Des Aberglaubens, o Leerer Wahn Der Täuschungen Und Gespenster Der Nacht!”: Der Angriff Des Cornelius Loos Auf Petrus Binsfeld’ in Franz, Gunther and Irsigler, Franz (eds.), Methoden und Konzepte der Historischen Hexenforschung (Trier: Spee, 1998), pp. 255–76.
Schulte, Rolf, Man as Witch: Male Witches in Central Europe (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009).
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Shuck, Glenn William, ‘The Myth of the Burning Times and the Politics of Resistance in Contemporary American Wicca’, Journal of Religion and Society, 2 (2000), 1–9.
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Van der Eerden, P.C., ‘Der Teufelspakt bei Binsfeld und Loos’ in Franz, Gunther and Irsigler, Franz (eds.), Hexenglaube und Hexenprozesse im Raum Rhein-Mosel-Saar (Trier: Spee, 1995), pp. 51–72.
Voltmer, Rita, ‘Demonology and Anti-Demonology: Binsfeld’s De confessionibus and Loos’s De vera et falsa magia’ in Machielsen, Jan (ed.), The Science of Demons: Early Modern Authors Facing Witchcraft and the Devil (London: Routledge, 2020), pp. 149–64.
Voltmer, Rita, ‘Ein Amerikaner in Trier: George Lincoln Burr (1857-1938) und sein Beitrag zu den Sammelschwerpunkten “Hexerei und Hexenverfolgungen” an der Cornell University (Ithaca/New York) sowie an der Stadtbibliothek Trier; mit einem Inventar’, Kurtrierisches Jahrbuch, 47 (2007), 447–89.
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