Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T16:43:41.217Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Series:   Elements in Politics and Society in Southeast Asia

Singapore

Identity, Brand, Power

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2018

Kenneth Paul Tan
Kenneth Paul Tan
Affiliation:
National University of Singapore

Summary

Contemporary Singapore is simultaneously a small postcolonial multicultural nation state and a cosmopolitan global city. To manage fundamental contradictions, the state takes the lead in authoring the national narrative. This is partly an internal process of nation building, but it is also achieved through more commercially motivated and outward facing efforts at nation and city branding. Both sets of processes contribute to Singapore's capacity to influence foreign affairs, if only for national self-preservation. For a small state with resource limitations, this is mainly through the exercise of smart power, or the ability to strategically combine soft and hard power resources.
Get access

Keywords

Singapore politicssociety, and cultureGramscian hegemonyLegitimacy: democracyperformancemoral authorityMulticulturalism: racelanguagereligionCreative cityglobal city
Type
Element
Information
Series: Elements in Politics and Society in Southeast Asia
Online ISBN: 9781108561273
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 30 August 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

4,000 turn up at Speakers’ Corner for population White Paper protest. (2013). Yahoo!News, 16 February.Google Scholar
Acharya, A. (2008). Singapore’s Foreign Policy: The Search for Regional Order. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J. & Sanford, R. N. (1950). The Authoritarian Personality. New York: Harper & Brothers.Google Scholar
An investigative interview: Singapore 50 years after independence, 45th St Gallen Symposium. (2015). www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpwPciW74b8 (1 October 2017).Google Scholar
Apcar, L., Wayne, A. & Mydans, S. (2007). Excerpts from an interview with Lee Kuan Yew, The New York Times, 29 August.Google Scholar
Au, A. (2009). Bloggers’ maturity demonstrated in AWARE saga, YawningBread, April. www.yawningbread.org/arch_1998/yax-127.htm (16 January 2016).Google Scholar
Austin, I. (2001). Pragmatism and Public Policy in East Asia: Origins, Adaptations and Developments. Singapore: Fairmont International.Google Scholar
Backgrounder on Singapore’s GRC system. (2016). Today, 27 January.Google Scholar
Barr, M. (2010). Marxists in Singapore? Lee Kuan Yew’s campaign against Catholic social justice activists in the 1980s. Critical Asian Studies, 42(3): 335–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, S. (2005). Singapore pushes through plan to open first casinos. The Telegraph, 19 April.Google Scholar
Bhaskaran, M., Ho, S. C., Low, D., Tan, K. S., Vadaketh, S. & Yeoh, L. K. (2012). Inequality and the need for a new social compact. Singapore Perspectives 2012 conference. Institute of Policy Studies.Google Scholar
Blackbox. (2017). YouKnowAnot, September.Google Scholar
Bland, B. (2016). Mystery over seized Singapore army vehicles in Hong Kong, Financial Times, 25 November.Google Scholar
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Chan, D. (2017). Psychological Capital: Essays by David Chan (2015–2017). Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Chan, H. C. (1975). Politics in an administrative state: where has the politics gone? In Meow, S., ed., Trends in Singapore: Proceedings and Background Paper, Singapore: Singapore University Press, pp. 51–68.Google Scholar
Chan, M. (2016). How Singapore’s military vehicles became Beijing’s diplomatic weapon. South China Morning Post, 3 December.Google Scholar
Channel NewsAsia (2017). Singapore’s depression problem: why it matters. Television documentary.Google Scholar
China should make Singapore pay over South China Sea dispute, says PLA adviser. (2016). The Straits Times, 1 October.Google Scholar
Chinese social media users lash out at Singapore over S China Sea dispute. (2016). Today, 23 August.Google Scholar
Ching, C. (1992). Nanyang University alumni global reunion and the resolution of the ‘Nantah Issue’. www.nandazhan.com/r1992/r92p075.htm (4 January 2006).Google Scholar
Chong, J. I. (2017). Singapore’s foreign policy at a juncture. East Asia Forum, 8 November.Google Scholar
Chong, K. P. (2016). China asks Singapore to ‘respect’ its position on South China Sea ruling. The Straits Times, 6 August.Google Scholar
Chong, T., ed. (2011). The AWARE Saga: Civil Society and Public Morality in Singapore. Singapore: NUS Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chua, B. H. (1997a). Communitarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Chua, B. H. (1997b). Political Legitimacy and Housing: Stakeholding in Singapore. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Chua, B. H. (2017). Liberalism Disavowed: Communitarianism and State Capitalism in Singapore. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chua, D., Koh, J. & Yong, J. (2011). Blame it on the bogey: The Christian Right’s construction of homosexuality and the AWARE CSE programme. In Chong, T., ed., The AWARE Saga: Civil Society and Public Morality in Singapore. Singapore: NUS Press, pp. 74–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chua, L. J. (2014). Mobilizing Gay Singapore: Rights and Resistance in an Authoritarian State. Singapore: NUS Press.Google Scholar
Conceicao, J. (2007). Singapore and the Many-Headed Monster: A New Perspective on the Riots of 1950, 1964 and 1969. Singapore: Horizon.Google Scholar
Creative Industries Development Strategy. (2002) Report of the ERC Services Subcommittee Workgroup on Creative Industries, September, Singapore.Google Scholar
Crouch, C. (2004). Post-Democracy. Cambridge, UK: Polity.Google Scholar
Curien, R. (2017). Singapore, a model for (sustainable?) urban development in China: an overview of 20 years of Sino-Singaporean cooperation, China Perspectives, 1: 25–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
da Cunha, D. (2010). Singapore Places Its Bets: Casinos, Foreign Talent, and Remaking a City-State. Singapore: Straits Times Press.Google Scholar
da Cunha, D. (2012). Breakthrough: Roadmap for Singapore’s Political Future. Singapore: Straits Times Press.Google Scholar
Department of Statistics Singapore. (2017). Population Trends 2017. Singapore.Google Scholar
Dolven, B. (1999). Suzhou project: wounded pride. Far Eastern Economic Review, 8 July.Google Scholar
Dolven, B. (2001). The new frontier. Far Eastern Economic Review, 6 December.Google Scholar
Elegant, S. (2003). A lion in winter. Time, 30 June.Google Scholar
Ethos Speeches: In Time For The Future: Singapore’s Heads of Civil Service on Change, Complexity and Networked Government. (2009). Singapore: Civil Service College.Google Scholar
Florida, R. (2005). The Flight of the Creative Class: The New Global Competition for Talent. New York: HarperCollins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, T. (2011). Serious in Singapore. The New York Times, 29 January.Google Scholar
Fukuyama, F. (1992). The End of History and the Last Man. London: Hamish Hamilton.Google Scholar
George, C. (2000). Singapore: The Air-Conditioned Nation: Essays on the Politics of Comfort and Control 1990–2000. Singapore: Landmark.Google Scholar
George, C. (2007). Consolidating authoritarian rule: calibrated coercion in Singapore. The Pacific Review, 20(2): 127–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, C. (2017). Singapore, Incomplete: Reflections on a First World Nation’s Arrested Political Development. Singapore: Ethos.Google Scholar
George, T. J. S. (1973). Lee Kuan Yew’s Singapore. London: Deutsch.Google Scholar
Gibson, W. (1993). Disneyland with the death penalty. Wired, 1(04). www.wired.com/wired/archive/1.04/gibson_pr.html (29 January 2016).Google Scholar
Gillis, E. K. (2005). Singapore Civil Society and British Power. Singapore: Talisman.Google Scholar
Go East, young bureaucrat. (2011). The Economist, 17 May.Google Scholar
Goh, C. (2017). Singapore students are best team players: PISA study. Channel NewsAsia, 21 November.Google Scholar
Goh, C. L. & Sim, R. (2012). Bukit Brown meeting ‘not a consultation’. The Straits Times, 21 March.Google Scholar
Goh, C. T. (1999a). National Day Rally speech. 22 August, Singapore.Google Scholar
Goh, C. T. (1999b). The Singapore tribe, speech by Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong on the Singapore 21 Debate in Parliament, 5 May.Google Scholar
Goh, P. S. D. (2010). Multiculturalism and the problem of solidarity. In Chong, T., ed., Management of Success: Singapore Revisited. Singapore: ISEAS, pp. 561–78.Google Scholar
Goh, P. S. D., Gabrielpillai, M. & Holden, P. eds. (2009). Race and Multiculturalism in Malaysia and Singapore. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gopinathan, S. (2015). Education. Singapore: Straits Times Press.Google Scholar
Gopinathan, S., Ho, W.K. & Saravanan, V. (2004). Ethnicity management and language education policy: Towards a modified model of language education in Singapore schools. In Lai, A. E., ed., Beyond Rituals and Riots: Ethnic Pluralism and Social Cohesion in Singapore. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press.Google Scholar
Gramsci, A. (ed. and trans. Hoare, Q. and Smith, G.N.). (1971). Selections from the Prison Notebooks. New York: International Publishers.Google Scholar
Han, F. K. (2009). How ST covered the story. The Straits Times, 30 May.Google Scholar
Han, F. K. et al. (2011). Lee Kuan Yew: Hard Truths to Keep Singapore Going. Singapore: Straits Times Press.Google Scholar
Haque, S. (2004). Governance and bureaucracy in Singapore: Contemporary reforms and implications, International Political Science Review, 25(2): 227–40.Google Scholar
Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heng, Y. K. (2012). Rajaratnam’s global city vision for S’pore vindicated 40 years on. The Straits Times, 6 February.Google Scholar
Ho, H. Y. (1964/2005). The current art scene in Singapore (1960s). In Liu, K. and H. Y. Ho. Re-Connecting: Selected Writings on Singapore Art and Art Criticism, Sabapathy, T. K. and Cheo, C.-H., eds., trans. Chai-Hiang, Cheo, Repr., Institute of Contemporary Arts Singapore: Singapore.Google Scholar
Ho, K. P. (2016). The Ocean in a Drop: Singapore: The Next Fifty Years. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Huff, W. G. (1995). The developmental state, government, and Singapore’s economic development since 1960, World Development, 23 (8): 1421–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huxley, T. (2000). Defending the Lion City: The Armed Forces of Singapore. Australia: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Inglehart, R. & Welzel, C. (2009). How development leads to democracy: what we know about modernization, Foreign Affairs, March/April.Google Scholar
Jaipragas, B. (2017). Rolling stock to laughing stock: Why is Singapore’s metro struggling when Hong Kong’s is a hit? South China Morning Post, 21 October.Google Scholar
Jayakumar, S. (2011). Diplomacy: A Singapore Experience. Singapore: Straits Times Press.Google Scholar
Jones, D. M. & Brown, D. (1994). Singapore and the myth of the liberalizing middle class, The Pacific Review, 7(1): 79–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joo, Y. M. & Heng, Y. K. (2017). Turning on the taps: Singapore’s new branding as a global hydrohub, International Development Planning Review, 39(2): 209–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kathiravelu, L. (2017). Rethinking race: Beyond the CMIO categorization. In Loh, K. S., Thum, P. T., and Chia, J.M.T., eds, Living With Myths In Singapore. Singapore: Ethos, pp. 159–68.Google Scholar
Kausikan, B. (2016). Dealing with an ambiguous world. Nathan Lectures: I to V. Singapore.Google Scholar
Khamid, Hetty Musfirah Abdul. (2015). MOE to consider introducing module on race and religious issues: Heng. Channel NewsAsia, 8 July.Google Scholar
Kipnis, A. B. (2012). Constructing commonality: Standardization and modernization in Chinese nation-building, The Journal of Asian Studies, 71(3): 731–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koh, B. S. (2017). Brand Singapore: Nation Branding After Lee Kuan Yew, in a Divisive World, Second Edition, e-book. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.Google Scholar
Koh, T. (2016). China’s perception of Singapore: 4 areas of misunderstanding. Today, 21 October.Google Scholar
Koh, T. A. (1989). Culture and the arts. In Sandhu, K. & Wheatley, P., eds, Management of Success: The Moulding of Modern Singapore. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 710–48.Google Scholar
Koh, T. A. (2010). ‘It’s like rice on the table, it’s our common dish’: The English language and identity in Singapore. In Chong, T., ed., Management of Success: Singapore Revisited. Singapore: ISEAS.Google Scholar
Kuo, E. C. Y. (1996). Confucianism as political discourse in Singapore: the case of an incomplete revitalization movement. In Weiming, Tu, ed., Confucian Traditions in East Asian Modernity: Moral Education and Economic Culture in Japan and the Four Mini-Dragons. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kwa, C. G., Heng, D. T. S. & Tan, T. Y. (2009). Singapore: A 700-Year History: From Early Emporium to World City. National Archives of Singapore.Google Scholar
Kwa, J. (2016). Trust in Singapore government rises after 3-year decline: survey. Yahoo!News, 25 January.Google Scholar
Kwek, M. L. (2004). Singapore: A skyline of pragmatism. In Bishop, R., Philips, J., and Yeo, W. W., eds, Beyond Description: Singapore Space Historicity. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Laclau, E. (1977). Politics and Ideology in Marxist Theory: Capitalism, Fascism, Populism. London: NLB.Google Scholar
Lai, A. E. (1995). Meanings of Multiethnicity: A Case Study of Ethnicity And Ethnic Relations in Singapore. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lai, A. E. ed. (2004). Beyond Rituals and Riots: Ethnic Pluralism and Social Cohesion in Singapore. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press.Google Scholar
Lai, A. E. (2017) Maze and minefield: Reflections on multiculturalism in Singapore. In Loh, K. S., Thum, P. T. & Chia, J. M. T., eds, Living With Myths In Singapore. Singapore: Ethos, pp. 169–79.Google Scholar
Lee, H. L. (1999). Speech at the Administrative Service Dinner and Promotion Ceremony, Singapore, 29 March.Google Scholar
Lee, H. L. (2000). Speech at the Singapore 21 Forum, Singapore, 16 January.Google Scholar
Lee, H. L. (2007). Parliamentary debate on Civil Service salary revisions, 11 April.Google Scholar
Lee, K. Y. (1998). Speech in parliament on the White Paper on Ministerial Salaries on 1 November 1994. In Han, F. K., Fernandez, W. & Tan, S., eds, Lee Kuan Yew: The Man and His Ideas. Singapore: Times Editions.Google Scholar
Lee, K. Y. (1998). The Singapore Story: Memoirs of Lee Kuan Yew. Singapore: Times.Google Scholar
Lee, K. Y. (2000). From Third World to First: The Singapore Story: 1965–2000. Singapore: Times.Google Scholar
Lee, P. (2017). New ‘Passion Made Possible’ campaign draws mixed reactions from netizens. The Independent, 25 August. www.theindependent.sg/new-passion-made-possible-campaign-draws-mixed-reactions-from-netizens/ (14 September 2017).Google Scholar
Lee, P. O. (2010). The four taps: water self-sufficiency in Singapore. In Chong, T., ed., Management of Success: Singapore Revisited. Singapore: ISEAS, pp. 417–39.Google Scholar
Lee, T. (2002). The politics of civil society in Singapore, Asian Studies Review, 26(1): 97–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, T. (2010). The Media, Cultural Control and Government in Singapore. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Y. N. (2015). Singapore to see largest influx of super rich. Today, 5 March.Google Scholar
Leifer, M. (2000). Singapore’s Foreign Policy: Coping With Vulnerability. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Leong, C. (2017). Pink Dot – No foreigners? No problem. The Pride, 19 May.Google Scholar
Lim, Y. L. (2017). Tianjin Eco-City a role model: Tharman. The Straits Times, 26 June.Google Scholar
Lingle, C. (1996). Singapore’s Authoritarian Capitalism, Asian Values, Free Market Illusions and Political Dependency. Mass Market Paperback.Google Scholar
Liu, K. (1969/2005). Definition of an intellectual. In Liu, K. and Ho, H. Y., Re-Connecting: Selected Writings on Singapore Art and Art Criticism, Sabapathy, T. K. & Cheo, C.-H., eds., trans. Cheo C.-H., Repr., Institute of Contemporary Arts Singapore: Singapore.Google Scholar
Loh, K. S. (1998). Within the Singapore story: The use and narrative of history in Singapore, Crossroads: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 12(2), 1–21.Google Scholar
Loh, K. S. (2013) Squatters into Citizens: The 1961 Bukit Ho Swee Fire and the Making of Modern Singapore. Singapore: NUS Press.Google Scholar
Low, L. (2001) The Singapore developmental state in the new economy and polity, The Pacific Review, 14(3): 411–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahbubani, K. (2009). The republic of common sense. The Straits Times, 9 SeptemberGoogle Scholar
McDonald, T. (2017). Is Singapore really the world’s most expensive city? BBC, 7 April.Google Scholar
Medical and dental care for a small sum. (2016). The Straits Times, 18 DecemberGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports. (2006). Government appoints National Steering Committee on Racial and Religious Harmony, media release, 7 October.Google Scholar
Ministry of Manpower. (2015a). Foreign workforce numbers. www.mom.gov.sg/documents-and-publications/foreign-workforce-numbers (8 October 2017).Google Scholar
Ministry of Manpower. (2015b). Labour force in Singapore 2015. stats.mom.gov.sg/Pages/Labour-Force-In-Singapore-2015.aspx (8 October 2017).Google Scholar
Mutalib, H. (2004). Parties and Politics: A Study of Opposition Parties and the PAP in Singapore. Second edition. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Academic.Google Scholar
NDR 2016: Singapore must choose its own place to stand on South China Sea issue, says PM Lee. (2016). Channel NewsAsia, 21 August.Google Scholar
Neo, B. S. & Chen, G. (2007). Dynamic Governance: Embedding Culture, Capabilities and Change in Singapore. Singapore: World Scientific.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nye, J. S. (2013). Hard, soft, and smart power. In Cooper, A.F., Heine, J. & Thakur, R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Nye, J. S. (2018). How sharp power threatens soft power: the right and wrong ways to respond to authoritarian influence, Foreign Affairs, 24 January.Google Scholar
OECD. (2016). Income Inequality Update, November.Google Scholar
Ong, E. & Tim, M. H. (2014). Singapore’s 2011 general elections and beyond: beating the PAP at its own game, Asian Survey, 54(4): 749–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearlman, J. (2011). Take a leaf out of S’pore story: Aussie magnate. The Straits Times, 16 March.Google Scholar
Pearson, N. (2011). Proof of welfare’s multiple failings. The Australian, 5 March.Google Scholar
Peerenboom, R. (2008). China Modernizes: Threat to the West or Model for the Rest? Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peh, S. H. & Goh, C. L. (2007). Life on the edge. The Straits Times, 7 April.Google Scholar
Peterson, W. (2001). Theatre and the Politics of Culture in Contemporary Singapore. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.Google Scholar
Philomin, L. E. (2014). Church must work with like-minded groups to oppose Pink Dot: Pastor. Today, 24 June.Google Scholar
Potts, J. & Cunningham, S. (2008). Four models of the creative industries, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 14(3): 233–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parameswaran, P. (2018). What’s behind Singapore’s new defense budget numbers? The Diplomat, 22 February.Google Scholar
Puru Shotam, N. (1989). Language and linguistic policies. In Sandhu, K. S. and Wheatley, P., eds, Management of Success: The Moulding of Modern Singapore, Singapore: Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 503–22.Google Scholar
Quah, J. (2003). Curbing Corruption in Asia: A Comparative Study of Six Countries. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press.Google Scholar
Rahim, L. Z. (1998) The Singapore Dilemma: The Political and Educational Marginality of the Malay Community. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ramakrishna, K. (2015). ‘Original Sin’?: Revising the Revisionist Critique of the 1963 Operation Coldsore in Singapore. Singapore: ISEAS.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raslam, K. (2016). Tharman’s a perfect leader for Singapore – so what’s stopping him? His ethnicity? South China Morning Post, 5 October.Google Scholar
Rodan, G. (1989). The Political Economy of Singapore’s Industrialization: National State and International Capital. Kuala Lumpur: Forum.Google Scholar
Rodan, G. (2004). Transparency and Authoritarian Rule in Southeast Asia: Singapore and Malaysia. Oxford: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodan, G. (2017). Singapore’s elected president: A failed institution, Australian Journal of International Affairs, 12 November.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
S’pore’s racial harmony is ‘not natural’ and needs nurturing: PM Lee (2017). Today, 29 September.Google Scholar
Saadan, A. (2017). Are we working too much? Singaporeans at risk of developing health problems due to long hours. AsiaOne, 28 July.Google Scholar
Salleh, N. A. M. S & Chew, H. M. (2017). Minister Shanmugam, diplomats Bilahari and Ong Keng Yong say Prof Mahbubani’s view on Singapore’s foreign policy ‘flawed’. The Straits Times, 3 July.Google Scholar
Segarra, L. M. (2017). These are the richest countries in the world. Fortune, 17 November.Google Scholar
Seow, B. Y. (2016). Seized SAF vehicles: APL meets HK Customs again. The Straits Times, 2 December.Google Scholar
Seow, B. Y. (2017). Singapore has the ‘most powerful’ passport in the world: Passport Index. The Straits Times, 25 October.Google Scholar
Seow, J. (2018). Not wise to purposely let the opposition grow bigger. The Straits Times, 6 April.Google Scholar
Siew, S. (2009). Censorship review committee. Singapore Infopedia, National Library Board Singapore.Google Scholar
Sin, C. H. (2002). The quest for a balanced ethnic mix: Singapore’s ethnic quota policy examined, Urban Studies, 39(8): 1347–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singam, C., Tan, C. K., Ng, T. & Perera, L. eds. (2002). Building Social Space in Singapore: The Working Committee’s initiative in civil society activism. Singapore: Select Publishing.Google Scholar
Singapore Cultural Statistics 2016. (2016). Singapore: Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth.Google Scholar
Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations. (1990). Chinese Heritage. Singapore: SFCCA.Google Scholar
S’pore govt loses patience with Suzhou park. (1989). South China Morning Post, 4 June.Google Scholar
Singapore riot: PM Lee Hsien Loong urges restraint. (2013). BBC News, 9 December.Google Scholar
Singapore Workforce Development Agency. (2015). Arts, design & media. www.wda.gov.sg/content/wdawebsite/L202-SingaporeJOBSpedia/L302-010B-CreativeIndustry.html (29 December 2015).Google Scholar
Singaporeans sleep the least – blame it on society. (2016). The New Paper, 8 May.Google Scholar
Singh, B. (2015). Quest for Political Power: Communist Subversion and Militancy in Singapore. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.Google Scholar
Slack, J. D. (1996). The theory and method of articulation in cultural studies. In Morley, D. and Chen, K.-H., eds, Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Smartphone penetration in Singapore the highest globally: Survey. (2015). Today, 11 February.Google Scholar
Smith, C. J., Donaldson, J. A., Mudaliar, S., Md Kadir, M. & Yeoh, L. K. (2015). A Handbook on Inequality, Poverty and Unmet Social Needs in Singapore. Social Insight Research Series. Singapore: Lien Centre for Social Innovation.Google Scholar
Tan, C. (2015). It Won’t Be Too Long: The Cemetery (Dawn & Dusk) by Drama Box, Singapore International Festival of Arts, Bukit Brown Cemetery, SOTA Studio Theatre/Saturday. The Straits Times, 20 September.Google Scholar
Tan, J. S. ed. (2011). A Nation Awakes: Frontline Reflections. Singapore: Ethos.Google Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2007). New politics for a renaissance city?. In Tan, K. P., ed., Renaissance Singapore? Economy, Culture, and Politics. Singapore: NUS Press, pp. 17–36.Google Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2008a). Cinema and Television in Singapore: Resistance in One Dimension. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2008b). Meritocracy and elitism in a global city: ideological shifts in Singapore, International Political Science Review, 29(1): 7–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2009). Racial stereotypes in Singapore films: Commercial value and critical possibilities. In Goh, D. P. S., Gabrielpillai, M., Holden, P., and Khoo, G. C., eds, Race and Multiculturalism in Malaysia and Singapore. London: Routledge, pp. 124–40.Google Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2016). Choosing what to remember in neoliberal Singapore: The Singapore Story, state censorship and state-sponsored nostalgia, Asian Studies Review, 40(2), 231–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, K. P. (2017) Governing Global-City Singapore: Legacies and Futures After Lee Kuan Yew. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Tan, Y. S. (2009). Clean, Green and Blue: Singapore’s Journey Towards Environmental and Water Sustainability. Singapore: ISEAS.Google Scholar
Teng, S. (2015). Curry dispute. Singapore Infopedia, National Library Board Singapore.Google Scholar
Teo, C. H. (1994). Changing worlds: political, economic and social challenges for Singapore. Speech at the SIF Singapore Student Symposium, 22 July.Google Scholar
Teo, Y. Y. (2018). This is What Inequality Looks Like. Singapore: Ethos.Google Scholar
Tharman, Shanmugaratnam (2015). Budget speech 2015. Parliamentary speech, 23 February.Google Scholar
Tong, C. K. (2008). Religious trends and issues in Singapore. In Lai, A. E., ed., Religious Diversity in Singapore. Singapore: ISEAS, pp. 28–54.Google Scholar
Vadaketh, S. T. & Low, D. eds. (2014). Hard Choices: Challenging the Singapore Consensus. Singapore: NUS Press.Google Scholar
Vasagar, J. (2017). Singapore-on-Thames? This is no vision for post-Brexit Britain. The Guardian, 24 November.Google Scholar
Wang, G. (2018). Nanyang: Essays on Heritage. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, K. (1998). Let’s not lose National Library. The Straits Times, 8 December.Google Scholar
Weiss, M. L. (2014). Of inequality and irritation: new agendas and activism in Malaysia and Singapore, Democratization, 21(5): 867–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Which cities around the world have the highest density of millionaires? (2017). Verdict, 25 May.Google Scholar
World Bank (2018). GDP per capita (current US$). World Bank Open Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?end=2016&locations=MY-SG-Z4&start=1960 (14 June 2018).Google Scholar
Yao, S. (2007). Singapore: The State and the Culture of Excess. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeo, G. (1991). Civic society – between the family and the state, National University of Singapore Society Inaugural Lecture, Singapore, 20 June.Google Scholar
Yeung, H. (2005). Institutional capacity and Singapore’s developmental state: managing economic (in)security in the global economy. In Nesadurai, H. E., ed., Globalisation and Economic Security in East Asia: Governance and Institutions, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Yong, N. (2016). Most Singaporeans would choose Tharman as the next prime minister: survey. Yahoo!News, 26 September.Google Scholar
Yue, A. (2007). Creative queer Singapore: The illiberal pragmatics of cultural production, Gay & Lesbian Issues and Psychology Review, 3(3): 149–58.Google Scholar
Zhao, L. (2009). China’s S’pore Dream. The Straits Times, 6 February.Google Scholar
Zheng, Y. N. & Lim, W. X. (2016). Lee Kuan Yew: the special relationship with China. In Zheng, Y. N. & Lye, L. F., eds, Singapore-China Relations: 50 Years. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Zheng, Y. N. & Lye, L. F. (2016). Introduction. In Zheng, Y. N. and Lye, L.F., eds, Singapore-China Relations: 50 Years. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Zuraidah, Ibrahim. (2017). What Singapore is saying by expelling China hand Huang Jing. South China Morning Post, 12 August.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Singapore
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Singapore
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Singapore
Available formats
×