Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-20T21:32:20.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Violence and the Sikhs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2022

Arvind-Pal S. Mandair
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Summary

Violence and the Sikhs interrogates conventional typologies of violence and non-violence in Sikhism by rethinking the dominant narrative of Sikhism as a deviation from the ostensibly original pacifist-religious intentions and practices of its founders. This Element highlights competing logics of violence drawn from primary sources of Sikh literature, thereby complicating our understanding of the relationship between spirituality and violence, connecting it to issues of sovereignty and the relationship between Sikhism and the State during the five centuries of its history. By cultivating a non-oppositional understanding of violence and spirituality, this Element provides an innovative method for interpreting events of 'religious violence'. In doing so it provides a novel perspective on familiar themes such as martyrdom, Martial Race theory, warfare and (post)colonial conflicts in the Sikh context.
Get access
Type
Element
Information
Online ISBN: 9781108610353
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 21 April 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asad, Talal (2007). On Suicide Bombing, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Axel, Brian (2001). The Nation’s Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh Diaspora, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Axel, Brian (2005). Diasporic Sublime: Sikh Martyrs, Internet Mediations, and the Question of the Unimaginable. Sikh Formations, 1 (1), 127–54.Google Scholar
Ballantyne, Tony (2002). Orientalism and Race: Aryanism in the British Empire, London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ballantyne, Tony (2006). Between Colonialism and Diaspora: Sikh Cultural Formations in an Imperial World, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Baruah, Sanjib (2009). Ethno-Nationalist Movements in India, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gurdās, Bhai Bhalla (1962), Varan – Satta and Balwand, Tikki di Var (Coronation Ode), Paurī 23.Google Scholar
Bhalla, Bhai Gurdās (1962). Varan, ed. Singh, Giani Hazara, Amritsar: Khālsā Samachar.Google Scholar
Borradori, Giovanna (2004). Philosophy in a Time of Terror: Dialogues with Jurgen Haberman and Jacques Derrida, Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Cavanaugh, William (2008). The Myth of Religious Violence, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cavanaugh, William (2017). “Religion and Violence.” In King, R., ed., Religion, Theory, Critique: Classic and Contemporary Approaches and Methodologies, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 589600.Google Scholar
Chakrabarty, Dipesh (2000). Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought & Historical Difference, Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Chaturvedi, Parashuram (1952). Uttari Bharat ki sant-parampara [The Sant Tradition of North India], Prayag [Allahabad]: Bharati-Bhandara.Google Scholar
Chopra, Radhika (2013). A Museum, A Memorial, and a Martyr: Politics of Memory in the Sikh Golden Temple. Sikh Formations, 9 (2), 97–115.Google Scholar
Chopra, Radhika (2015). 1984: Disinterred Memories. Sikh Formations, 11 (3), 306–15.Google Scholar
Connolly, William E. (2005). Pluralism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Cua Lim, Bliss (2009). Translating Time: Cinema, the Fantastic and Temporal Critique, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Cunningham, John Davey (1849). A History of the Sikhs: From the Origins of the Nation to the Battles of the Sutlej, London: John Murray.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles (1989). The Logic of Sense, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles (1994). Difference and Repetition, London: Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles & Guattari, Felix (1987). A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles & Guattari, Felix (1994). What is Philosophy?, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques (1992). “Force of Law: the Mystical Foundations of Authority.” In Carlson, D., ed., Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Dhavan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699–1799, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fenech, Louis (2008). The Darbar of the Sikh Gurus, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, Timothy (2015). “Negative Liberty, Liberal Faith Postulates and World Disorder.” In Stack, T., Goldenberg, N., & Fitzgerald, T., eds., Religion as a Category of Governance and Sovereignty, Leiden: Brill, pp. 248–79.Google Scholar
Fox, Richard (1990). Lions of the Punjab: Culture in the Making. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mahatma (1958). The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Surjit Singh (1978). History of the Sikh Gurus, New Delhi: Gurdās Kapur & Sons.Google Scholar
Grewal, Jagtar S. (1969). Guru Nanak in Sikh History, New Delhi: Panjab University.Google Scholar
Grewal, Jagtar S. (1990). The Sikhs of the Punjab, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Grewal, Jagtar S. (1996). The Akalis: A Short History, Chandigarh: Punjab Studies Publications.Google Scholar
Grewal, Jagtar S. (1996). Sikh Ideology, Polity and Social Order, New Delhi: Manohar.Google Scholar
Grewal, Jagtar S. (2009). The Sikhs: Ideology, Institutions and Identity, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Guerlac, Susan (2006). Thinking in Time, New York: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Hallaq, Wael (2019). Restating Orientalism: A Critique of Modern Knowledge, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Jaggi, Rattan Singh (1974). Bhai Gurdās: Jivan te Rachna, Patiala: Punjabi University.Google Scholar
Jakobsch, Doris (2012). Sikhism, Honolulu: Hawaii University Press.Google Scholar
Jantzen, Grace (2004). Foundations of Violence, London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jurgensmeyer, Mark (2008). Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence, Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Jurgensmeyer, Mark & Mona, Sheik (2013). “A Socio-Theological Approach to Understanding Religious Violence.” In Jerryson, M., Juergensmeyer, M., & Kitts, M., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 620–44.Google Scholar
Justaert, Kristien (2012). Theology After Deleuze, London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Kapoor, Rajiv (1986). Sikh Separatism: The Politics of Faith, London: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
King, Richard (1999). Orientalism and Religion, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Koselleck, Reinhart (2002). The Practice of Conceptual History: Timing History, Spacing Concepts, Stanford: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahmood, Cynthia (1997). Fighting for Faith and Nation: Dialogues with Sikh Militants, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Malcolm, John (1812). Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of the Penjab, 1st ed., London: Murray.Google Scholar
Mandair, Arvind-Pal S. (2011). “Translations of Violence: Secularism and Religion-Making in Discourses of Sikh Nationalism.” In Dressler, M. & Mandair, A. S., eds., Secularism and Religion Making, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 6284.Google Scholar
Mandair, Arvind-Pal S. (2013). Sikhism: A Guide For the Perplexed, London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Mann, Richard (2016). Exploring the Myths of Religion and Violence in India. Sikh Formations, 12 (2–3), 115–19.Google Scholar
McLeod, W.H. (1968). Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McLeod, W.H. (1975). The Evolution of the Sikh Community, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McLeod, W.H. (1984). Textual Sources For the Study of Sikhism, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
McLeod, W.H. (1998). Sikhism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McLeod, W.H. & Schomer, Karine (1987). The Sants: A Study of a Devotional Tradition of North India, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas.Google Scholar
Mignolo, Walter & Walsh, Catharine (2018). On Decoloniality: Concepts, Analytics, Praxis, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Murphy, Anne (2012). The Materiality of the Past: History & Representation in Sikh Tradition, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Nijhawan, Michael (2016). The Precarious Diasporas of Sikh and Ahmadiyya Generations: Violence, Memory and Agency, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Patton, Paul (2006). Deleuze and the Political, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Patton, Paul (2010). Deleuzian Concepts: Philosophy, Colonization, Politics, Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Pettigrew, Joyce (1995). The Sikhs of the Punjab: Unheard Voices of State and Guerilla Violence, London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Sainapati, Sri Gur Sobha, ed. Singh, Ganda (1996). Patiala: Punjabi University.Google Scholar
Sandhu, Ranbir Singh (1999). Struggle For Justice: Speeches and Conversations of Sant Jarnail Singh Khālsā, Dublin: Sikh Educational and Religious Foundation.Google Scholar
Shackle, C. & Mandair, A.S. (2005) Teachings of the Sikh Gurus, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Shani, Giorgio (2013). “Sikh Nationalism.” In Singh, P. & Fenech, L., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shani, Giorgio & Singh, Gurharpal (2015). Rethinking Sikh Nationalism in the Twenty-First Century. Sikh Formations, 11 (3), 271–82.Google Scholar
Singh, Ahluwalia Jasbir (1983). Sovereignty of the Sikh Doctrine, New Delhi: Bahri Publications.Google Scholar
Singh, Bhai Vir (1996). Puratan Janamsākhī Sri Guru Nanak Dev ji, New Delhi: Bhai Vir Singh Sahit Sadan.Google Scholar
Singh, Bhupinder (2014). The Five Symbols of Sikhism: Some Contemporary Issues. Sikh Formations, 10 (1), 105–72.Google Scholar
Singh, Ganda (1949). Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, in Makhiz-i-Tawarikh-i-Sikhan, Amritsar.Google Scholar
Singh, Gurharpal (2000). Ethnic Conflict in India: A Case-Study of Punjab, New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Singh, Kirpal & Ashok, Shamsher Singh (1962/1969). Janamsākhī Sri Guru Nanak Dev ji. Amritsar: Sikh History Research Department, Khālsā College.Google Scholar
Singh, Khushwant (1966). A History of the Sikhs, 2 vols., Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, Khushwant (1999). BBC Documentary, The Sikhs.Google Scholar
Singh, Narinder (2012). FOX NEWS Interview. August 8.Google Scholar
Singh, Nikky-Guninder Kaur (2005). The Birth of the Khālsā: A Feminist Re-membering of Sikh Identity, Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Singh, Pashaura (2008). Life and Work of Guru Arjan: History, Memory and Biography in the Sikh Tradition, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, Pashaura (2017). Deconstructing the Punjab Crisis of 1984: Deer Hawks, and Siqdars (“Officials”) as Agents of State-Sponsored Violence. Sikh Formations, 12 (2–3), 173–90.Google Scholar
Singh, Pashaura (2020). Speaking Truth to Power: Exploring Guru Nanak’s Babur-vani in Light of the Baburnama. Religions, 11, 119.Google Scholar
Singh, Patwant (2013). Empire of the Sikhs: The Life and Times of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, London: Peter Owens.Google Scholar
Streets, Heather (2011). Martial Races: The Military, Race and Masculinity in British Imperial Culture, 1847–1914, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Tatla, Darshan Singh (1999). The Sikh Diaspora: The Search for Statehood, London: University College London Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles (2007). A Secular Age, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Thackston, Wheeler M. (1999). The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, New York: Oxford University Press. [Translation slightly amended].Google Scholar
Uberoi, J.P.S. (1996). Religion, Civil Society and the State: A Study of Sikhism, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vallee, Mickey & Shields, Rob (2012). Demystifying Deleuze: An Introductory Assemblage of Crucial Concepts, Ottawa, ON: Red Quill Books.Google Scholar
Williams, James (2008). Gilles Deleuze’s Logic of Sense: Critical Guide and Introduction, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Žižek, Slavoj (2008). Violence: Six Sideways Reflections, New York: Picador.Google Scholar
Zourabichvili, François (2012). Deleuze a Philosophy of the Event: Together with the Vocabulary of Deleuze, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Violence and the Sikhs
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Violence and the Sikhs
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Violence and the Sikhs
Available formats
×