The lecturer adopted the course of explaining the Cold Working of Metals from first stages.

The lecturer first dealt with the cold raising of metals and pointed out that in this case the operator always worked from the outside, and to avoid “ puckering ” of the metal it was gradually hammered concentrically so that “ puckers ” were eliminated almost as soon as they appeared.

The spinning of metals was then dealt with and nearly all cylindrical objects are worked in this way. Commencing as a metal disc the object is placed on a lathe and backed up on to a wooden former block and gradually formed on to the block. By eliminating the sudden bending of the metal round the sides of the block the “ puckers ” are reduced to a minimum and the metal is allowed to “ flow.”