Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-12T22:13:01.128Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wing component allocation for a morphing variable span of tapered wing using finite element method and topology optimisation – application to the UAS-S4

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 June 2021

M. Elelwi ,
T. Calvet ,
R.M. Botez Open the ORCID record for R.M. Botez [Opens in a new window]  and
T.-M. Dao
M. Elelwi
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE, ÉTS - École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QCH3C 1K3, Canada
T. Calvet
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE, ÉTS - École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QCH3C 1K3, Canada
R.M. Botez*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE, ÉTS - École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QCH3C 1K3, Canada
T.-M. Dao
Affiliation:
Research Team in Machines Dynamics, Structures and Processes, ÉTS - École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QCH3C 1K3, Canada
*
ruxandra.botez@etsmtl.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This work presents the Topology Optimisation of the Morphing Variable Span of Tapered Wing (MVSTW) using a finite element method. This topology optimisation aims to assess the feasibility of internal wing components such as ribs, spars and other structural components. This innovative approach is proposed for the telescopic mechanism of the MVSTW, which includes the sliding of the telescopically extended wing into the fixed wing segment. The optimisation is performed using the tools within ANSYS Mechanical, which allows the solving of topology optimisation problems. This study aims to minimise overall structural compliance and maximise stiffness to enhance structural performance, and thus to meet the structural integrity requirements of the MVSTW. The study evaluates the maximum displacements, stress and strain parameters of the optimised variable span morphing wing in comparison with those of the original wing. The optimised wing analyses are conducted on four wingspan extensions, that is, 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%, of the original wingspan, and for different flight speeds to include all flight phases (17, 34, 51 and 68m/s, respectively). Topology optimisation is carried out on the solid wing built with aluminium alloy 2024-T3 to distribute the wing components within the fixed and moving segments. The results show that the fixed and moving wing segments must be designed with two spar configurations, and seven ribs with their support elements in the high-strain area. The fixed and moving wing segments’ structural weight values were reduced to 16.3 and 10.3kg from 112 to 45kg, respectively. The optimised MVSTW was tested using different mechanical parameters such as strains, displacements and von Misses stresses. The results obtained from the optimised variable span morphing wing show the optimal mechanical behaviour and the structural wing integrity needed to achieve the multi-flight missions.

Keywords

Topology optimisationAerodynamic performanceTelescopic mechanismVariable span morphing of the tapered wingFinite element analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 125 , Issue 1290 , August 2021 , pp. 1313 - 1336
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Torenbeek, E. Advanced Aircraft Design: Conceptual Design, Analysis and Optimization of Subsonic Civil Airplanes. John Wiley & Sons, 2013.10.1002/9781118568101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diodati, G., Ricci, S., De Gaspari, A., Huvelin, F., Dumont, A. and Godard, J.-L. Estimated performance of an adaptive trailing-edge device aimed at reducing fuel consumption on a medium-size aircraft, Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures Technologies 2013, 2013, vol. 8690, International Society for Optics and Photonics, p 86900E.10.1117/12.2013685CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pecora, R., Dimino, I., Amoroso, F. and Ciminello, M. Structural design of an adaptive wing trailing edge for enhanced cruise performances, 24th AIAA/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference, 2016, AIAA SciTech, pp 2016–3333.Google Scholar
Arena, M., Concilio, A. and Pecora, R., Aero-servo-elastic design of a morphing wing trailing edge system for enhanced cruise performance, Aerosp Sci Technol, 2019, 86, pp 215–235.10.1016/j.ast.2019.01.020CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, J.-H., Zhang, W.-H. and Xia, L. Topology optimization in aircraft and aerospace structures design, Arch Computat Methods Eng, 2016, 23, (4), pp 595–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tchatchueng Kammegne, M.J., Grigorie, T.L. and Botez, R. Morphing Wing Design to Reduce Airplane Fuel Consumption, Substance ÉTS, 2016.Google Scholar
Rao, J., Kiran, S., Kamesh, J., Padmanabhan, M.A. and Chandra, S. Topology optimization of aircraft wing, J Aerosp Sci Technol, 2009, 61, (3), p 402.Google Scholar
Mitropoulou, C.C., Fourkiotis, Y., Lagaros, N.D. and Karlaftis, M.G. 4 evolution strategies-based metaheuristics in structural design optimization, Metaheuristic Applications in Structures and Infrastructures, 2013, pp 79–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krog, L., Tucker, A., Kemp, M. and Boyd, R. Topology optimisation of aircraft wing box ribs, 10th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, 2004, p 4481.10.2514/6.2004-4481CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eves, J., Toropov, V., Thompson, H., Gaskell, P., Doherty, J. and Harris, J. Topology optimization of aircraft with non-conventional configurations, 2009.Google Scholar
Grihon, S., Krog, L. and Hertel, K. A380 weight savings using numerical structural optimization, 20th AAAF Colloquium on Material for Aerospace Applications, Paris, France, 2004, pp 763–766.Google Scholar
Wang, Q., Lu, Z. and Zhou, C. New topology optimization method for wing leading-edge ribs, J Aircr, 2011, 48, (5), pp 1741–1748.10.2514/1.C031362CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, K.A., Kennedy, G.J. and Martins, J.R. Concurrent aerostructural topology optimization of a wing box, Comput Struct, 2014, 134, pp 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchanan, S. Development of a wingbox rib for a passenger jet aircraft using design optimization and constrained to traditional design and manufacture requirements, Altair Engineering CAE Technology Conference, Michigan, 2007.Google Scholar
Oktay, E., Akay, H. and Merttopcuoglu, O. Parallelized structural topology optimization and CFD coupling for design of aircraft wing structures, Comput Fluids, 2011, 49, (1), pp 141–145.10.1016/j.compfluid.2011.05.005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oktay, E., Akay, H.U. and Sehitoglu, O.T. Three-dimensional structural topology optimization of aerial vehicles under aerodynamic loads, Comput Fluids, 2014, 92, pp 225–232.10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.11.018CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramesh, S., Handal, R., Jensen, M.J. and Rusovici, R. Topology optimization and finite element analysis of a jet dragster engine mount, Cogent Eng, 2020, 7, (1), p 1723821.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, J., Xi, P., Zhang, B. and Hu, B. A finite element parametric modeling technique of aircraft wing structures, Chin J Aeronaut, 2013, 26, (5), pp 1202–1210.10.1016/j.cja.2013.07.019CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gawel, D., Nowak, M., Hausa, H. and Roszak, R. New biomimetic approach to the aircraft wing structural design based on aeroelastic analysis, Bull Polish Acad Sci Tech Sci, 2017, 65, (5), pp 741–750.Google Scholar
Morlier, J. and Charlotte, M. Structural wingbox optimization in a coupled FSI problem of a flexible wing: FEA sol200 versus surrogate models, 2012.Google Scholar
Plocher, J. and Panesar, A. Review on design and structural optimisation in additive manufacturing: Towards next-generation lightweight structures, Mater Des, 2019, 183, p 108164.10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108164CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, L., Li, K., Chang, Y. and Li, J. Topology optimization design of compliant mechanism of composite wing leading edge, J Phys Conf Ser, 2019, 1215, (1), p 012002.10.1088/1742-6596/1215/1/012002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Y.-b., Guo, W.-j., Duan, S.-h. and Xing, L.-g. A novel substructure-based topology optimization method for the design of wing structure, Int J Simul Multidiscip Des Optim, 2017, 8, p A5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elelwi, M., Kuitche, M.A., Botez, R.M. and Dao, T.M. Comparison and analyses of a variable span-morphing of the tapered wing with a varying sweep angle, Aeronaut J, 2020, 124, (1278), pp 1146–1169, doi: 10.1017/aer.2020.19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCormick, B. Aerodynamics Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1995.Google Scholar
Gao, L., Jin, H., Zhao, J., Cai, H. and Zhu, Y. Flight dynamics modeling and control of a novel catapult launched tandem-wing micro aerial vehicle with variable sweep, IEEE Access, 2018, 6, pp 42294–42308.10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2858293CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, L., Guo, Z. and Wang, W. Dynamic model and analysis of asymmetric telescopic wing for morphing aircraft, MATEC Web of Conferences, 2016, vol. 65, EDP Sciences, p 01004.10.1051/matecconf/20166501004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbarino, S., Bilgen, O., Ajaj, R.M., Friswell, I.M. and Inman, D.J. A review of morphing aircraft, J Intell Mater Syst Struct, 2011, 22, (9), pp 823–877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Communier, D., Botez, R.M. and Wong, T., Design and validation of a new morphing camber system by testing in the price—Païdoussis subsonic wind tunnel, Aerospace, 2020, 7, (3), p 23.10.3390/aerospace7030023CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tchatchueng Kammegne, M.J., Tondji, Y., Botez, R.M., Grigorie, L.T., Mamou, M. and Mébarki, Y. New control methodology for a morphing wing demonstrator, Proc Inst Mech Eng G J Aerosp Eng, 2018, 232, (8), pp 1479–1494.10.1177/0954410017699003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carossa, G.M., Ricci, S., De Gaspari, A., Liauzun, C., Dumont, A. and Steinbuch, M. Adaptive trailing edge: specifications, aerodynamics, and exploitation, Smart Intelligent Aircraft Structures (SARISTU), 2016, Springer, pp 143–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamta, S. and Saxena, R. Topological optimization of continuum structures using optimality criterion in ANSYS, Int Res J Eng Technol, 2016, 3, (7), pp 1483–1488.Google Scholar
BendsØe, M.P. and Sigmund, O. Material interpolation schemes in topology optimization, Arch Appl Mech, 1999, 69, (9), pp 635–654.Google Scholar
Gunwant, D. and Misra, A. Topology optimization of sheet metal brackets using ANSYS, MIT Int J Mech Eng, 2012, 2, (2), pp 120–126.Google Scholar
Sigmund, O. and Petersson, J. Numerical instabilities in topology optimization: a survey on procedures dealing with checkerboards, mesh-dependencies and local minima, Struct Optim, 1998, 16, (1), pp 68–75, doi: 10.1007/BF01214002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aage, N., Andreassen, E., Lazarov, B.S. and Sigmund, O. Giga-voxel computational morphogenesis for structural design, Nature, 2017, 550, (7674), pp 84–86.10.1038/nature23911CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, H.-A. and Park, G.-J. Nonlinear dynamic response topology optimization using the equivalent static loads method, Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng, 2015, 283, pp 956–970.10.1016/j.cma.2014.10.015CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jankovics, D., Gohari, H., Tayefeh, M. and Barari, A. Developing topology optimization with additive manufacturing constraints in ANSYS®, IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2018, 51, (11), pp 1359–1364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuitche, M.A.J. and Botez, R.M. Modeling novel methodologies for unmanned aerial systems–Applications to the UAS-S4 Ehecatl and the UAS-S45 Bálaam, Chin J Aeronaut, 2019, 32(1), pp 58–77.10.1016/j.cja.2018.10.012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Acar, E., Haftka, R.T. and Kim, N.H. Effects of structural tests on aircraft safety, AIAA J, 2010, 48, (10), pp 2235–2248.10.2514/1.J050202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghosh, R., Ghosh, S., Ghimire, S. and Barman, D.R. Static analysis of multi-leaf spring using ANSYS workbench 16.0, Int J Mech Eng Technol (IJMET), 2016, 7, (5), pp 241–249.Google Scholar
Chethan, K., Zuber, M., Shenoy, S. and Kini, C.R. Static structural analysis of different stem designs used in total hip arthroplasty using finite element method, Heliyon, 2019, 5, (6), p e01767.Google Scholar
Li, X.-p., Zhao, L.-y. and Liu, Z.-z. Topological optimization of continuum structure based on ANSYS, MATEC Web of Conferences, 2017, vol. 95. EDP Sciences, p 07020.10.1051/matecconf/20179507020CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komarov, V., Kishov, E., Kurkin, E. and Charkviani, R. Aircraft composite spoiler fitting design using the variable density model, Proc Comput Sci, 2015, 65, pp 99–106.10.1016/j.procs.2015.09.085CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, X., Zhao, Y. and Si, F., Analysis of wing flexure deformation based on ANSYS, 2018 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), 2018, IEEE, pp 190–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ajaj, R.M., Friswell, M.I., Saavedra Flores, E.I., Keane, A., Isikveren, A.T., Allegri, G. and Adhikari, S. An integrated conceptual design study using span morphing technology, J Intel Mate Syst Struct, 2014, 25, (8), pp 989–1008.10.1177/1045389X13502869CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amendola, G., Dimino, I., Amoroso, F. and Pecora, R. Experimental characterization of an adaptive aileron: Lab tests and FE correlation, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2016, 2016, vol. 9803, International Society for Optics and Photonics, p 98034P.10.1117/12.2219187CrossRefGoogle Scholar