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Resource management in Sukumaland, Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

Martin H. Birley
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Extract

The attention that has been devoted to Sukumaland, Tanzania, by development specialists has been attributed by De Wilde (1967) to the rapid expansion of livestock and cotton production in ways which have been the despair of professional agriculturalists and veterinarians. Cycles of drought, famine and disease have recurred at intervals of five to seven years while soil erosion has been an ever present phenomenon. Administrative responses to these problems have followed a cycle of education, persuasion, resettlement and coercion, to little avail. A number of studies, spanning many scientific disciplines, have sought to understand, change, or merely criticize, the existing state of affairs.

Résumé

La gestion des ressources au pays des Sukuma

Dans la gestion de leurs ressources les Sukuma s'interposent entre une série de luttes économiques, culturelles et écologiques. Pour bien comprendre leur situation, en particulier les causes de l'érosion du sol au pays de Sukuma, on examine la question de trois points de vue: d'un point de vue historique, d'un point de vue économique et d'un point de vue écologique. L'étude historique traite non seulement ce que I'on sait d'une série de désastres qui ont surpris les Sukuma au commencement du siècle mais aussi la politique administrative pratiquée au cows des décennies suivantes. L'examen économique considere les dimensions spatiales et temporelles des risques et la conduite des gens en tant que fermiers et bouviers. L'examen écologique résume l'écologie de deux porteuses de maladies importantes — les tsé-tsés et les tiques — et démontre comme elles sont importantes si I'on veut comprendre les deux autres aspects de la question. On fournit plusieurs modèles dont chacun peut éclairer certains aspects du problème, suggérant des façons dont on pourrait aborder à l'avenir l'organisation des recnerches et la politique d'aménagement au pays des Sukuma et ailleurs.

Type
Research Article
Information
Africa , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , April 1982 , pp. 1 - 30
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1982

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