Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T08:57:55.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Africa and the Middle Eastern Crisis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

Mohamed A. El-Khawas
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Nineteen fifty-five marked a turning point in Africa’s involvement in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Prior to that year, the views of the few independent African nations had been completely overshadowed by cold war politics. The Bandung Conference, however, symbolized the emergence of a Third World approach to international problems, and African views on the Arab-Israeli conflict became increasingly important. With the winds of change blowing across the African continent, the two major contenders in the Middle Eastern crisis—Egypt and Israel—began to concentrate on wooing African support for their own positions.

Type
Research Article
Information
African Issues , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , Spring 1975 , pp. 33 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 1975 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Nasser, Gamal Abdel, The Philosophy of Revolution (Cairo: Dar al-Taaoun, 1954), p. 62.Google Scholar

2 Ismael, Tareq Y., The U.A.R. in Africa: Egypt’s Policy Under Nasser (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1971), p. 62.Google Scholar

3 Al-Ahram, 3 January and 22 February 19S4.

4 al-Khudari, Abdul Munim, “Taghalghul Israil fi Ifriqiya” (The Israeli penetration in Africa), Nahdhat Ifriqiya, no. 50, January 1962, p. 15.Google Scholar

5 Al-Mutamar al-Asyawi al-lfriqi al-Awal fi Bandung bi Indonesia, 18-24 April 1955 (The First African-Asian Conference, Bandung, Indonesia, 18-24 April 1955)(Cairo: League of Arab States, 1955), pp. 25–26.Google Scholar

6 Al-Ahram, 21 March 1955.

7 Kahin, George McTurnan, The Asian-African Conference, Bandung, Indonesia, April 1955 (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1956), p. 82.Google Scholar

8 “An African Policy for Egypt,” The Egyptian Economic & Political Review, vol. 2, no. 12, August 1956, p. 21.Google Scholar

9 Baulin, Jacques, The Arab Role in Africa (Baltimore, Md.: Penguin African Library, 1962), pp. 46–49.Google Scholar

10 Al-Ahram, 22 July 1954.

11 Odinga, Oginga, Not Yet Uh иг и (London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1967), p. 175.Google Scholar

12 UN. GA. OR. (ES-I), Plenary, 562nd meeting, 1 November 1956; 563rd meeting, 3 November 1956; 565th meeting, 4 November 1956; and 567th meeting, 7 November 1956. UN. GA. OR. (XI), Plenary, 594th meeting, 24 November, 1956; 642nd meeting, 19 January 1957; and 652nd meeting, 2 February 1957.

13 The New York Times, 16 October 1960.

14 Decraene, Philippe, “Is the Romance with Israel Over?” Africa Re port, May-June 1973, pp. 21–22.Google Scholar

15 Rivkin, Arnold, Africa and the West: Elements of Free-World Policy (New York: Praeger, 1963), pp. 72–74.Google Scholar

16 Nyang, Sulayman S., “Israel and the African States.” Paper presented to the Southeastern Regional Seminar in African Studies, Durham, N.C., 20 April 1974, pp. 14–22 Google Scholar. Lauf er, Leopold, Israel and the Developing Countries: Approaches to Cooperation (New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1967), p. 114.Google Scholar

17 Thiam, Doudou, The Foreign Policy of African States (London: Phoenix House, 1965), p. 62.Google Scholar

18 Baulin, pp. 105-6.

19 Walz, Jay, “Nasser Planning Big Trade Drive,” The New York Times, 10 March 1960.Google Scholar

20 “U.A.R. Technical and Cultural Aid to African Countries,” Remarques Africaines, 19 October 1967, pp. 517-20, in Ismael, Appendix III.

21 Baulin, pp. 77-78.

22 Ismael, Tareq Y., “Religion and U.A.R. African Policy,” The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 6, no. 1, May 1968, p. 56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

23 The Charter (Cairo: UAR Information Department, 1962), p. 100.

24 The New York Times, 25 June 1960.

25 Thiam, , pp. 65, 66.Google Scholar

26 Ismael, , p. 68.Google Scholar

27 Africa-Political Social and Cultural, vol. 1, no. 7, July 1-31, 1964, p. 126.Google Scholar

28 ibid., p. 122.

29 Mboya, Tom, Freedom and After (London: Andre Deutsch, 1963), p. 232.Google Scholar

30 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 4, no. 7, 15 August 1967, p. 815.Google Scholar

31 Ibid., p. 827.

32 The New York Times, 5 July 1967.

33 Ibid.

34 Egyptian Gazette, 15 September 1967.

35 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 4, no. 9,15 October 1967, p. 856.Google Scholar

36 “Islam: African Advance,” Africa Confidential, vol. 15, no. 7, 5 April 1974, p. 2.Google Scholar

37 Decraene, pp. 23-24.

38 AI-Ahram, 17 April 1970.

39 Howe, Russell W., “Senghor Offers Plan for Peace in Africa: Arms Embargo Urged,” in Christian Science Monitor, 20 May 1969.Google Scholar

40 Gitelson, Susan A., “The OAU Mission and the Middle East Con flict,” paper presented at the International Studies Association Meeting, held in New York, March 14-17, 1973, pp. 9-10; The Year book of the United Nations, 1971 (New York: Office of Public Information, 1974), p. 171.Google Scholar

41 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 8, no. 6, 15 July 1971, p. 2128.Google Scholar

42 AI-Ahram, 19 April 1970.

43 Zevi, Tullia, “Africans, Arabs, Israelis: ‘A Triad of Suffering Peoples’,” Africa Report, July-August 1972, pp. 11-13; El-Khawas, Mohamed A., “Africa and the Middle East,” paper presented at the African Heritage Studies Association Sixth Annual Conference, New York, April 4-7, 1974, p. 10.Google Scholar

44 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 8, no. 8, 15 September 1971, p. 2187.Google Scholar

45 Ibid.

46 Ibid., vol. 8, no. 11, 15 December 1971, p. 2275.

47 Ibid., vol. 8, no.8, 15 September 1971, p. 2187.

48 Ibid., vol. 8, no. 11, 15 December 1971, p. 2275.

49 Jerusalem Post, 28 August 1971.

50 Y.U.N., 1971, p. 171.

51 Cervenka, Zdenek, “The Afro-Arab Alliance,” Africa, no. 31, March 1974, p. 77.Google Scholar

52 Y.U.N., 1971, p. 171.

53 Resolution 3799 (XXVI) proposed by 21 nations (A/L.650/Rev.1) and adopted by a vote of 79 to 7, with 36 abstentions in the General Assembly on 13 December 1971, Ibid., pp. 176-77.

54 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 9, no. 6,15 July 1972, p. 2498.Google Scholar

55 Woronoff, Jon, “Nzo Ekangaki of the OAU: Interview,” Africa Re port, September-October 1972, p. 22.Google Scholar

56 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 8, no. 11, 15 December 1971, p. 2276.Google Scholar

57 “The Middle East and Africa,” Africa Confidential, vol. 14, no. 21, 19 October 1973, pp. 5–7.Google Scholar

58 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 10, no. 5, 15 June 1973, p. 2848.Google Scholar

59 Ibid.

60 Cervenka, p. 78.

61 Africa Research Bulletin, vol. 10, no. 5, 15 June 1973, p. 2848.Google Scholar

62 Ibid., pp. 2850-51.

63 Ibid.

64 The New York Times, 17 February 1974.Google Scholar

65 Uwechue, Ralph, “Afro-Arab Solidarity,” Africa, no. 29, January 1974, p. 8.Google Scholar

66 Cervenka, Zdenek, “Afro-Arab Relations: Exploitation or Cooperation?” Africa, no. 34, June 1974, p. 47.Google Scholar

67 El-Khawas, Mohamed A., “African-Arab Solidarity: The Emergence of a New Alliance,” A Current Bibliography on African Affairs, vol. 7, no. 3, Summer 1974. Forthcoming.Google Scholar

68 OAU News Bulletin, February/March 1974, p. 1; The Washing Post, 17 February and 9 June 1974; Christian Science Monitor, February 1974.Google Scholar

69 African Development, February and March 1974, pp. 3, 10.Google Scholar

70 Cervenka, , “The Oil Crisis,” p. 39.Google Scholar

71 Washington Post, 17 February 1974.

72 Washington Star-News, 24 February 1974.