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USE AND MULTIFACTORIAL RECONCILIATION OF UNIFACE REDUCTION MEASURES: A PILOT STUDY AT THE NOBLES POND PALEOINDIAN SITE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2017

Michael J. Shott  and
Mark F. Seeman
Michael J. Shott*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology and Classical Studies, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
Mark F. Seeman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
*
(shott@uakron.edu, corresponding author)
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Abstract

How much stone tools are reduced and their form changed from first use to discard bears upon issues such as typological integrity, curation rate, and effects of occupation span. But degree of reduction depends partly upon the measures used to gauge it. Most studies involve single indices that gauge reduction in different ways or at different scales, so results are difficult to compare between studies. In this pilot study, we compare four allometric reduction measures—one each based on length, length:thickness ratio, volume, and mass, estimated by comparing observed values in discarded tools to estimated original values—for consistency when applied to an endscraper sample from the Nobles Pond Paleoindian site in Ohio, USA. Fitted to the Weibull distribution, all measures suggest attrition compared to experimental controls, but variation among them demands reconciliation. A multifactorial method that weights individual measures by their principal-component loadings suggests attritional discard at increasing rate as reduction advances. More importantly, it addresses the growing problem of reconciling the many reduction measures in use, a major concern in this expanding research area.

El grado de reavivado de las herramientas líticas y su trayectoria morfológica entre primer uso y desecho están íntimamente relacionados con temas teóricos como la integridad tipológica, la tasa de curación y las consecuencias de la duración del periodo de ocupación. Sin embargo, el grado de reavivado también depende de las medidas empleadas para determinarlo. La mayoría de los estudios utilizan una única medida que estima la reducción de diferente manera y a diferente escala, complicando la comparación entre estudios. En este estudio piloto, comparamos el grado de consistencia de cuatros medidas alométricas—basadas respectivamente en el largo, la proporción entre largo y grosor, el volumen y la masa calculada como la diferencia entre las herramientas descartadas y una estimación de su valor original—aplicadas a una muestra de raspadores procedentes del conjunto paleoindio de Nobles Pond, Ohio, Estados Unidos. Ajustadas a la distribución Weibull, todas las medidas sugieren una tasa de desgaste considerable en comparación con los controles experimentales, pero existen variaciones entre las medidas que requieren explicación. Planteamos el uso de un método multifactorial para ponderar cada medida de reducción utilizando su peso calculado en el análisis de componentes principales. Este método sugiere que la tasa de desecho aumenta conforme avanza el proceso de reducción. De manera más importante, este método ofrece una solución al problema de cómo reconciliar las muchas medidas de reducción existentes, tarea que representa un desafío crucial en esta área de investigación creciente.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 82 , Issue 4 , October 2017 , pp. 723 - 741
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 by the Society for American Archaeology 

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