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Domingos Jorge Velho Conqueror of Brazilian Backlands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Virginia Freehafer
Virginia Freehafer*
Affiliation:
West Chester, Pennsylvania
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Extract

In Editing The Bandeirantes, The Historical Role of the Brazilian Pathfinders, Richard M. Morse points out that on many points of interpretation neither the readings he has presented “nor the whole of bandeirante history can furnish conclusive answers.” He states that “although the chronology and geography of the bandeiras have by now been fairly well pieced together by scholars, most other aspects of their history still lie open to speculation.” He concludes with a statement from a Brazilian source: “In spite of the fruitful results of research in this century, the study of bandeirismo as the combined process of political, economic and social evolution of the colony has not yet been attempted.” While thinking over Professor Morse’s introductory comments it occured to me that a careful review of all available facts concerning the seventeenth century Paulista, Domingos Jorge Velho, might contribute a useful piece in the challenging, historic puzzle.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , October 1970 , pp. 161 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1970

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References

1 Morse, Richard M. (ed.), The Bandeirantes, The Historical Role of the Brazilian Pathfinders (New York, 1965), p. 35 Google Scholar. The Brazilian quotation is from Canabrava, Alice, Bandeiras in William Berrien and Rubens Borba de Moraes (eds.) Manual Bibliográfico de Estudos Brasileiros (Rio de Janeiro, 1949), p. 501 Google Scholar.

2 Ennes, Ernesto, As Guerras nos Palmares (Coleção Brasiliana, Vol. 127; São Paulo, 1938)Google Scholar.

3 Taunay, Affonso d’E., História Geral das Bandeiras as Paulistas (10 vols.; São Paulo, 1924-1929), IV, 347 Google Scholar.

4 Morse, op. cit., p. 115 gives the date as 1703 or 1704.

5 Sobrinho, Barbosa Lima, O Devassamento do Piauí (Sao Paulo, 1946)Google Scholar, Appendix #7, O Famoso Documento de Pereira da Costa.

6 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54. Excerpts from this work have been translated by Morse, op. cit., in Section 7, The Conquest of Palmares. Permission has been obtained from Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. to quote from this source. All other translations of the Ennes documents are my own.

7 Ibid., Document 28.

8 Ibid., Document 54.

9 The regular royal infantry was small in size. Entradas were made up almost entirely of volunteers under a capitão-mor appointed by the Governor of the captaincy. The primitive ordenanças of territorial troops under local land magnates were gradually being replaced along the coast by terços of second-line militia under a mestre-de-campo. Their organization is well described in de Mello, José Antônio Gonsalves, Francisco de Figueiroa (Recife, 1954)Google Scholar.

10 Ennes, op. cit., Document 34.

11 Ibid.

12 Lima Sobrinho, op. cit., p. 173.

13 Taunay, op. cit., VI, 336–341.

14 Ibid., IV, 347.

15 Ennes, op. cit., Document 28.

16 Ibid., Document 70.

17 Ibid., Document 54.

18 de Freitas, M. M., Reino Negro de Palmares (Rio de Janeiro, 1954) p. 560 Google Scholar.

19 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54.

20 Freitas, op. cit., p. 517.

21 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54.

22 Ibid.

23 Freitas, op. cit., pp. 567–568.

24 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54.

25 Ibid., Document 24.

26 Carneiro, Edison, O Quilombo dos Palmares (3d. ed., Rio de Janeiro, 1966) p. 113 Google Scholar.

27 Ennes, op. cit., Document 34.

28 Júnior, Caio Prado, The Colonial Background of Modern Brazil, translated from Formacāo do Brasil Contemporâneo: Colônia (Berkeley, Cal., 1967). Chapter on Colonial Administration, pp. 347–398 Google Scholar.

29 Calmon, Pedro, História do Brasil (7 vols.; Rio de Janeiro, 1961) III, 867 Google Scholar.

30 Ennes, op. cit., Documents 33 and 54.

31 de Costa Porto, Jose , Estudo Sobre O Sistema Sesmarial (Recife, 1965) pp. 90–91, 127–128. I league = 5 KilometersGoogle Scholar.

32 Ennes, op. cit., Documents 31, 36 and 54.

33 Boxer, C.R., The Golden Age of Brazil: Growing Pains of a Colonial Society (Berkeley, Cal., 1962), p. 306 Google Scholar.

34 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54.

35 This was in February 1969.

36 Carneiro, op. cit., p. 128.

37 Ibid., p. 127.

38 Ennes, op. cit., Documents 93 and 94.

39 Ibid., Document 54.

40 Carneiro, op. cit., p. 141; Van Kleffens, E.N., Hispanic Law until the End of the Middle Ages (Edinburgh, 1968) pp. 124–126 Google Scholar.

41 Prado Júnior, op. cit., p. 375; Nelson, Omega, A Cidade Colonial (Rio de Janeiro, 1961) p. 225 Google Scholar.

42 Prado Junior, op. cit., p. 354.

43 Macedo, Jose Norberto, Fazendas de Gado no Vale do Săo Francisco (Rio de Janeiro, 1952) p. 26 Google Scholar.

44 Calmon, op. cit., III, 736–737.

45 Omega, op. cit., pp. 96, 114.

46 Calmon, op. cit., pp. 894–896. .

47 Ennes, op. cit., Document 80.

48 Boxer, op. cit., p. 307.

49 Ennes, op. cit., Document 43.

50 Ibid., Document 54.

51 Carneiro, op. cit., p. 137.

52 Ennes, op. cit., Documents 57 and 58.

53 Ibid., Document 67.

54 Ibid., Documents 60 and 65.

55 Ibid., Document 57, translated in Morse, op. cit., p. 124.

56 Id.

57 Id.

58 Boxer, op. cit., p. 189.

59 Ennes, op. cit., Document 57.

60 Ibid., Documents 56 and 57.

61 Ibid., Document 67.

62 Id.

63 Taunay, op. cit., IV, 348–351.

64 Ibid., p. 306. The lingua geral was the language of the Tapuias as systematized by Father Anchieta.

65 Ennes, op. cit., Document 28, carta autografa.

66 Taunay, op. cit., VI, 340–341.

67 Ennes, op. cit., Document 54.

68 Ibid., Document 66.

69 Taunay, op. cit., IV, 300. Dificil often means impossible.

70 Quoted in Ricardo, Cassiano, Marcha para Oeste (2d. ed.; 2 vols.; Rio de Janeiro, 1942) I, 230–231 Google Scholar.

71 Ennes, op. cit., Document 28.

72 Ibid., Document 73.