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Classic Maya Defensive Systems and Warfare in the Petexbatun Region: Archaeological Evidence and Interpretations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2008

Arthur A. Demarest ,
Matt O'Mansky ,
Claudia Wolley ,
Dirk Van Tuerenhout ,
Takeshi Inomata ,
Joel Palka  and
Héctor Escobedo
Arthur A. Demarest
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
Matt O'Mansky
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
Claudia Wolley
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
Dirk Van Tuerenhout
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
Takeshi Inomata
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 60520, USA
Joel Palka
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois–Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
Héctor Escobedo
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Abstract

From 1989 to 1996, excavation and surveys were carried out at dozens of sites and intersite areas in the southwestern Peten by the Defensive Systems Subproject of the Vanderbilt Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Project and by subsequent related Vanderbilt investigations. The excavations and analyses explored fortification systems, related settlement, and artifactual evidence. Beginning at about a.d. 760, the major centers of the Classic Maya civilization in the Petexbatun region were fortified by a massive expenditure of labor on defensive walls of masonry, usually surmounted by wooden palisades. As warfare accelerated, major centers and later even small hilltop villages were located in highly defensible positions and were fortified by walls, palisades, moats, and baffled gateways. Despite these efforts, all major centers were virtually abandoned by the early ninth century. By a.d. 830, only the island fortress of Punta de Chimino and a very reduced and scattered population remained in the Petexbatun region.

Type
Special Section: The Vanderbilt Petexbatun Archaeological Project, 1989–1994
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , Fall 1997 , pp. 229 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1997

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