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Polymorphisms in an obesity-related gene (PCSK1) are associated with fat deposition and production traits in Italian heavy pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2012

L. Fontanesi ,
F. Bertolini ,
E. Scotti ,
P. Trevisi ,
L. Buttazzoni ,
S. Dall'Olio ,
R. Davoli ,
P. Bosi  and
V. Russo
L. Fontanesi*
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
F. Bertolini
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
E. Scotti
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
P. Trevisi
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
L. Buttazzoni
Affiliation:
CRA, Centro di Ricerca per la Produzione delle Carni e il Miglioramento Genetico, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Roma, Italy
S. Dall'Olio
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
R. Davoli
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
P. Bosi
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
V. Russo
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 48, 40127 Bologna, Italy
*
†E-mail: luca.fontanesi@unibo.it
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Abstract

The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1) gene encodes the prohormone convertase 1/3 enzyme that processes prohormones into functional hormones that, in turn, regulate central and peripheral energy metabolism. Mutations in the human PCSK1 gene cause severe monogenic obesity or confer risk of obesity. We herein investigated the porcine PCSK1 gene with the aim of identifying polymorphisms associated with fat deposition and production traits in Italian heavy pigs. By re-sequencing about 5.1 kb of this gene in 21 pigs of different breeds, we discovered 14 polymorphisms that were organized in nine haplotypes, clearly distributed in two clades of putative European and Asian origin. Then we re-mapped this gene on porcine chromosome 2 and analysed its expression in several tissues including gastric oxyntic mucosa of weanling pigs in which PCSK1 processes the pre-pro-ghrelin into ghrelin, which in turn is involved in the control of feed intake and energy metabolism. Association analyses between PCSK1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and production, carcass and several other traits were conducted on five groups of pigs from three different experimental designs, for a total of 1221 animals. Results indicated that the analysed SNPs were associated (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) with several traits including backfat thickness and visible intermuscular fat in Italian Duroc (ID) and growth performances in Italian Large White (ILW) and in ILW × Italian Landrace pigs. However, the effects estimated in the ILW were opposite to the effects reported in the ID pigs. Suggestive association (P < 0.10) was observed with muscle cathepsin B activity, opening, if confirmed, potential applications to reduce the excessive softness defect of the green hams that is of particular concern for the processing industry. The results obtained supported the need to further investigate the PCSK1 gene to fully exploit the value of its variability and apply this information in pig breeding programmes.

Keywords

association studyheavy pigsPCSK1production traitsSNP
Type
Breeding and genetics
Information
animal , Volume 6 , Issue 12 , December 2012 , pp. 1913 - 1924
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2012

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