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Distribution of zooplankton in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2020

V. Venkataramana Open the ORCID record for V. Venkataramana [Opens in a new window] ,
N. Anilkumar ,
K. Swadling ,
R.K. Mishra ,
S.C. Tripathy ,
A. Sarkar ,
Soares Melena Augusta ,
P. Sabu  and
Honey U.K. Pillai
V. Venkataramana*
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
N. Anilkumar
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
K. Swadling
Affiliation:
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7000, Australia Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems, Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7000, Australia
R.K. Mishra
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
S.C. Tripathy
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
A. Sarkar
Affiliation:
Kuwait Institute of Scientific Research, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
Soares Melena Augusta
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
P. Sabu
Affiliation:
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa-403804, India
Honey U.K. Pillai
Affiliation:
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, India
*
venkat@ncaor.gov.in
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Abstract

The community composition of zooplankton with an emphasis on copepods was assessed in the frontal zones of the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean (SO) during summer 2013. Copepods were the dominant group in both the bongo net and multiple plankton sampler across the entire region. High zooplankton abundance was recorded along each transect in the Polar Front (PF). Community structure in this front was dominated by common taxa, including Ctenocalanus citer, Clausocalanus spp., Calanoides acutus, Calanus propinquus, Calanus australis and Rhincalanus gigas, which together accounted for > 62% of the total abundance. Calocalanus spp., Neocalanus tonsus and C. propinquus were indicator species in the Sub-Tropical Front (STF), Sub-Antarctic Front and PF, respectively. A strong contrast in population structure and biovolume was observed between then PF and the STF. The community structure of smaller copepods was associated with the high-temperature region, whereas communities of larger copepods were associated with the low-temperature region. Thus, it seems probable that physical and biological characteristics of the SO frontal regions are controlling the abundance and distribution of zooplankton community structure by restricting some species to the warmer stratified zones and some species to the well-mixed zone.

Keywords

chlorophyll acopepodsmultiple plankton samplernutrientsSouthern Ocean fronts
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 168 - 179
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Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2020

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