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Fragilariopsis kerguelensis size variability from the Indian subtropical Southern Ocean over the last 42 000 years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2016

Sunil Kumar Shukla  and
Xavier Crosta
Sunil Kumar Shukla*
Affiliation:
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226 007, India UMR-CNRS 5805 EPOC, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33615Pessac Cedex, France
Xavier Crosta
Affiliation:
UMR-CNRS 5805 EPOC, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33615Pessac Cedex, France
*
sunilk_shukla@bsip.res.in
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Abstract

In the open Southern Ocean (SO), both modern and past size changes of the diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis appear to be strongly controlled by iron availability. Conversely, sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice seasonal dynamics take over in the seasonal sea-ice zone where iron is not limiting. No information exists on F. kerguelensis biometry from the subtropical SO, on the other extreme of the thermal and nutrient gradients. We present here new data on mean valve area of F. kerguelensis (FkergArea) from a sediment core covering the last ~42 cal kyrs from the southern Subtropical Front (SSTF) of the Indian sector of the SO, where iron and silica stocks are thought to have been consistently low over this period. Our results suggest that larger F. kerguelensis valves occurred during the Last Glacial period, and declined during the Holocene period. These findings indicate that more favourable SST, within the F. kerguelensis ecological range, during the Last Glacial period may have enabled F. kerguelensis to make better use of the low silica stocks prevailing in the subtropical zone leading to larger valves. Conversely, declining FkergArea during the deglacial and the Holocene periods may have been a result of higher SST which hampered the utilization of silica.

Keywords

biometrydiatomsnutrient cyclingsea surface temperature
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , April 2017 , pp. 139 - 146
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Copyright
© Antarctic Science Ltd 2016 

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