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An Early Alamannic Brooch from Yorkshire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

M. J. Swanton
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Extract

In a recent account of the sixth-century Anglian cemetery at Londesborough in the Yorkshire Wolds, one curious piece of bronze from a female's grave was inadequately described merely as ‘perhaps an unusual type of buckle’. Too late for publication in that report a small group of parallel objects came to my notice, the existence of which has since been corroborated by Dr. Roes's recognition of a complete class of early continental quoit brooches, of which this group forms one variant. In fact, the fragmentary Londesborough piece (fig. i (4)) appears to be identical with an uncommon early Alamannic or Marcomannic group of thistle-shaped annular brooches.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 47 , Issue 1 , March 1967 , pp. 43 - 50
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1967

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References

page 43 note 1 ‘An Anglian Cemetery at Londesborough in East Yorkshire’,YAJ. xli (1964), 262–86Google Scholar.

page 43 note 2 Roes, A., ‘Continental Quoit Brooches’, Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 18–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 43 note 3 Mortimer, J. R., Forty Years Researches in British and Saxon Burial Mounds of East Yorkshire (1905) p. 353.Google Scholar A garbled version appears in VCH. York, ii, 77.

page 45 note 1 Groller, M., ‘Die Grabungen in Carnuntum’, Der römisches Limes in Österreich, viii (1907), col. 79Google Scholar, fig. 35; ix (1908), cols. 78–79, figs. 37–38.

page 45 note 2 J. Schiker, ‘Der spätrömische Christenfriedhof am Legionslager Lauriacum’, ibid, xvii (1933), col. 139, Abb. 63.

page 45 note 3 Dannheimer, H., Die germanischen Funde der späten Kaiserzeit und des frühen Mittelalters in Mittelfranken (1962) pp. 175–6Google Scholar, Taf. 5 (2), 20(11).

page 45 note 4 Pič, J. L., Die Urnengräber Böhmens (1907), Taf. lxxviii (27)Google Scholar.

page 45 note 5 Werner, J., ‘Ein frühalamannischer Grabfund von Böckingen, Württemberg’, Germania, xxii (1938), 114, Abb. 1 (4)Google Scholar; Schulz, W., ‘Funde aus dem Beginne der frühgeschichtlichen Zeit’, Jahresschrift für die Vorgeschichte der sächsischthüringischen Lander, xi (1925), 61, Abb. 10Google Scholar; Behrens, G., ‘Ausgrabung römischer Gebäude im Kastellgebeit in den Jahren 1901 und 1903’, Mainzer Zeitschrift xii (1918), 59, Abb. 26 (3)Google Scholar; Photographisches Album der prähistorischen Ausstellung Berlin, v (1880), Taf. xviiGoogle Scholar.

page 45 note 6 H. Dannheimer, op. cit., p. 201, Taf. 3 (4).

page 45 note 7 W. Schulz, op. cit., p. 59, Taf. xv, Abb. 4.

page 45 note 8 J, Werner, op. cit., pp. 114–17.

page 47 note 1 Collingwood, R. G. and Wright, R. P., The Roman Inscriptions of Britain (1965) vol. i, nos. 1576, 1594, 1597, 2041, 2093, 2097, etcGoogle Scholar.

page 47 note 2 Historia Romana, ed. Boissevain, U. P. (1955), lxxi (16)Google Scholar.

page 47 note 3 καὶ δευτέρα γέγονεν αὐτῷ μάχη πρὸς Φράγκους, οὗς διὰ τῶν στρατηγῶν κατὰ κράτος νενικηκὼς αὐτὸς Bουργούνδοις καὶ Bανδίλοις ἐμάχετο…………. αὐτούς τε ἀποσϕάξας καὶ τὸν ἡγούμενον Iγῖλλον ζωγρίᾳ ἑλών. ὅσους δὲ ζῶντας οἷôς τε γέγονεν ἑλεῖν, εἰς Bρεττανίαν παρέπεμψεν. οἳ τὴν νῆσον οἰκήσαντες ἐπαναστάντος μετὰ ταῦτά τινος γεγόνασι βασιλεῖ χρήσιμοι. (Historiae, i (68), ed. Bekker, I., Corpus Historiae Byzantinae, 1 (1837)Google Scholar.

page 47 note 4 … in Macriani locum Bucinobantibus, quae contra Mongontiacum gens est Alamanna, regem Fraomarium ordinauit, quern paulo postea, quoniam recens excursus eundem penitus uastauerat pagum, in Brittannos translatum, potestate tribuni, Alamannorum praefecerat numero, multitudine uiribusque ea tempestate florenti. (Historiae, xxix (4). ed. F. Eyssenhardt (1871).

page 47 note 5 Incerti Auctoris: Epitome de Caesaribus, xli (3). Constantine, it may be presumed, was the emperor largely responsible for the introduction of free Germans into the Roman army rather than the simple direction of groups of laeti or gentiles.

page 47 note 6 Stoll, H., Die Alamannengräber von Hailfingen in Württemberg, (1939), pp. 74–77Google Scholar, Taf. 32 (36–38); and unpublished examples in the Wurttembergisches Landcsmuseum, Stuttgart, no. A2980, etc. I am grateful to Professor P. Paulsen for supplying information on material contained in this collection.

page 47 note 7 Veeck, W., Die Alamannen in Württemberg (1931), pp. 233, 237, Taf. 17 (24) 18 (26)Google Scholar; and cf. H. Dannheimer, op. cit., Taf. 25B (5) 35A (1). Dr. J. N. L. Myres kindly informs me that similar forms come from the cremation cemetery at Sancton.

page 48 note 1 Domesday Book, p. 317 b; and the Chartularies of Monk Bretton, ed. Walker, J. W. (Y.A.S. RecordSeries, lxvi (1924)), p. 13Google Scholar.

page 48 note 2 Moorman, F. W., The Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire (1910), pp. ix, 8Google Scholar; apparently after Cox, T., Magna Brittannia (1720–31) vi, p. 361Google Scholar

page 49 note 1 Smith, A. H., The Place-Names of tie West Riding of Yorkshire, ii (E.P.N.S. xxxi (1961)) 256–8Google Scholar.

page 49 note 2 Veeck, Taf. C. 4.

page 49 note 3 Germania, 32 (1954), 183–8Google Scholar.

page 49 note 4 B. Schmidt, Die späte Völkerwanderungszeit in Mitteldeutschland (1961), Taf. 15, c and e; 16 c; 51g.

page 50 note 1 Schmidt, Taf.15 d

page 50 note 2 Dannheimer, Taf. 44, 11, and p. 109. His dating for this pot in the first half of the seventh century is perhaps half a century too late.

page 50 note 3 Schmidt, Taf. 14 d; 15 b.