Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T08:57:28.548Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Equids and an acrobat: closure rituals at Tell Brak

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Joan Oates
Affiliation:
The McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge University, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3ER, UK (Email: jlo29@cam.ac.uk)
Theya Molleson
Affiliation:
Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
Arkadiusz Sołtysiak
Affiliation:
Department of Historical Anthropology, Warsaw University, Poland

Extract

Deposits of human and animal bodies in a monumental Akkadian building at Tell Brak (ancient Nagar) superficially suggest random killing and disposal. But here the authors produce evidence that these represent the deliberate sacrifice of valued creatures. Among the human remains were those argued to represent a specialist acrobat, while the donkey remains reflect the association of the building with the breeding of the much-debated onager-donkey hybrid that preceded the horse.

Type
Research article
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Archi, A. 1998. The regional state of Nagar according to the texts of Ebla. Subartu IV/2: 115.Google Scholar
Biga, M. G. 1998. The marriage of Eblaite princess Tagris-Damu with a son of Nagar's King. Subartu IV/2:1722.Google Scholar
Bjorkman, J. K. 1994. Hoards and Deposits in Bronze Age Mesopotamia. Ann Arbor (MI): University Microfilms International Dissertation Services.Google Scholar
Brothwell, D. R. 1981. Digging up Bones. London: British Museum (Natural History) & Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Catagnoti, A. 1997. Les listes des h´ub. (ki) dans les textes administratifs d'Ebla et l'onomastique de Nagar. Mari (Annales de Recherches Interdisciplinaires) 8: 563–96. Paris: Recherche sur les Civilisations.Google Scholar
Clutton-Brock, J. 2001. Ritual burials of a dog and six domestic donkeys, in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 327–38. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Courty, M.-A. 2001. Evidence at Tell Brak for the Late EDIII/Early Akkadian air blast event (4 kyr BP), in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 367–72. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Edeiken, J. & Hodes, P. J.. 1967. Roentgen diagnosis of diseases of bone. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Eidem, J., Finkel, I. & Bonechi, M.. 2001. The third-millennium inscriptions, in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 99120. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Eshed, V., Gopher, A. V., Galili, E. & Hershkovitz, I.. 2004. Musculoskeletal stress markers in Natufian hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers in the Levant: the upper limb. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 123:303–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kapandji, I. A. 1987. The physiology of the joints. Vol. 2, lower limb (5th edition). London: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Matthews, W., French, C.A.I., Lawrence, T., Cutler, D. F. & Jones, M. K.. 2001. Microstratigraphic analysis of depositional sequences in areas FS and SS, in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 353–66. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
McDonald, H. 2003. Art and artefact: sealings from the HP ash dump, in Matthews, R. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 4: exploring an Upper Mesopotamian regional centre, 1994-96 (McDonald Institute Monograph): 212–27. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Molleson, T. 2001. A note on the human skeletal material fromArea FS, in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 350–2. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Molleson, T. & Hodgson, D.. 1993. A cart driver from Ur. Archaeozoologia 6:93106.Google Scholar
Oates, D. & Oates, J.. 2001. The Excavations; and Archaeological reconstruction and historical commentary, in Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H. (ed.) Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph): 15-98; 386-92. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Oates, D. 2006. Ebla and Nagar, in Baffi, F., Dolce, R., Mazzoni, S. & Pinnock, F. (ed.) Ina kibrat erbetti (Studi di Archeologia Orientale dedicati´a Paolo Matthiae, Roma): 399424. Roma: Università la Sapienza.Google Scholar
Oates, D., Oates, J. & McDonald, H.. 2001. Excavations at Tell Brak Vol. 2: Nagar in the third millennium BC (McDonald Institute Monograph). London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Oates, J. 2003. A note on the early evidence for horse in Western Asia, in Levine, M., Renfrew, C. & Boyle, K. (ed.) Prehistoric Steppe Adaptation and the Horse (McDonald Institute Monograph): 115–25. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.Google Scholar
Peterson, J. 1997. Tracking activity patterns through skeletal remains: a case study from Jordan and Palestine, in Gebel, H.G.K., Kafafi, Z. & Rollefson, G. O. (ed.) The Prehistory of Jordan, II. Perspectives from 1997 (Studies in Near Eastern Production, Subsistence and Environment 4): 475–92. Berlin: Ex oriente.Google Scholar