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DO POOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS DRIVE TRACHOMA TRANSMISSION IN BURUNDI? A MATHEMATICAL MODELLING STUDY

Part of: Physiological, cellular and medical topics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2021

D. NDISABIYE Open the ORCID record for D. NDISABIYE [Opens in a new window] ,
E. K. WATERS Open the ORCID record for E. K. WATERS [Opens in a new window] ,
R. GORE Open the ORCID record for R. GORE [Opens in a new window]  and
H. SIDHU Open the ORCID record for H. SIDHU [Opens in a new window]
D. NDISABIYE*
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 160 Oxford St, Darlinghurst, NSW2010, Australia; e-mail: edward.waters.nsw@gmail.com.
E. K. WATERS
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 160 Oxford St, Darlinghurst, NSW2010, Australia; e-mail: edward.waters.nsw@gmail.com.
R. GORE
Affiliation:
School of Arts & Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 104 Broadway, Broadway, NSW2010, Australia; e-mail: russellgore9611@gmail.com.
H. SIDHU
Affiliation:
School of Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australia; e-mail: h.sidhu@adfa.edu.au.
*
e-mail: ndidesi@gmail.com
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Abstract

Trachoma is an infectious disease and it is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. To achieve its elimination, the World Health Organization set a goal of reducing the prevalence in endemic areas to less than $5$ % by 2020, utilizing the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) strategy. However, in Burundi, trachoma prevalences of greater than $5$ % are still reported in 11 districts and it is hypothesized that this is due to the poor implementation of the environmental improvement factor of the SAFE strategy. In this paper, a model based on an ordinary differential equation, which includes an environmental transmission component, is developed and analysed. The model is calibrated to recent field data and is used to estimate the reductions in trachoma that would have occurred if adequate environmental improvements were implemented in Burundi. Given the assumptions in the model, it is clear that environmental improvement should be considered as a key component of the SAFE strategy and, hence, it is crucial for eliminating trachoma in Burundi.

Keywords

infectious diseasetrachomamathematical modelenvironmentally mediated transmission

MSC classification

Primary: 92C60: Medical epidemiology
Type
Research Article
Information
The ANZIAM Journal , Volume 63 , Issue 4 , October 2021 , pp. 434 - 447
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australian Mathematical Publishing Association Inc.

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