Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T00:05:10.063Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Family effect on cultured pearl quality in black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and insights for genetic improvement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2013

Chin-Long Ky ,
Carole Blay ,
Manaarii Sham-Koua ,
Vincent Vanaa ,
Cédrik Lo  and
Philippe Cabral
Chin-Long Ky*
Affiliation:
Ifremer, UMR EIO241, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
Carole Blay
Affiliation:
Ifremer, UMR EIO241, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
Manaarii Sham-Koua
Affiliation:
Ifremer, UMR EIO241, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
Vincent Vanaa
Affiliation:
Ifremer, UMR EIO241, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
Cédrik Lo
Affiliation:
Direction des Ressources Marines, BP 20, 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
Philippe Cabral
Affiliation:
Gauguin’s Pearl Farm, BP 191, 98776 Avatoru, Rangiroa – Archipel des Tuamotus, Polynésie Française
*
a Corresponding author: chinky@ifremer.fr
Get access

Abstract

Individual Pinctada margaritifera molluscs were collected from the Takapoto atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia) and used to produce ten first generation full-sib families in a hatchery system, following artificial breeding protocols. After three years of culture, these progenies were transferred to Rangiroa atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia) and tested for their potential as graft donors. A large-scale grafting experiment of 1500 grafts was conducted, in which a single professional grafter used ten individual donor oysters from each of the ten families, grafting 15 recipient oysters from each donor. The recipient oysters were all obtained from wild spat collection in Ahe (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia). After 18 months of culture, 874 pearls were harvested. Highly significant donor family effects were found for nucleus retention, nacre thickness, nacre weight, pearl colour darkness and visually-perceived colour (bodycolor and overtone), pearl shape categories, surface defects and lustre, the last two of which are components of the Tahitian classification grade. No significant difference was recorded between the ten G1 families for the absence or presence of rings. The progenies could be ranked from “best” (i.e., the donor whose grafts produced the greatest number of grade A pearls) to the “worst”. Some progenies had extreme characteristics: family B presented the greatest number of pearls with lustre (98%) and a high proportion of dark gray to black with green overtone pearls (70%). These results have important implications for the selective breeding of donor pearl oysters: it may be possible to reach a point where specific donor lines whose grafts produce pearls with specific quality traits could be identified and maintained as specific breeding lines.

Keywords

Cultured pearl oysterPearl qualityProgeny effectsHeritabilityGenetic selectionPinctada margaritiferaFrench Polynesia
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , April 2013 , pp. 133 - 145
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agatonovic-Krustin, S., Morton, D.W., 2012, The use of UV-visible reflectance spectroscopy as an objective tool to evaluate pearl quality. Mar. Drugs 10, 1459–1475. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnaud-Haond, S., Goyard, E., Vonau, V., Herbaut, C., Prou, J., Saulnier, D., 2007, Pearl formation: persistence of the graft during the entire process of biomineralization. Mar. Biotechnol. 9, 113–116. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cochennec-Laureau, N., Montagnani, C., Saulnier, D., Fougerouse, A., Levy, P., Lo, C., 2010, A histological examination of grafting success in pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera in French Polynesia. Aquat. Living. Resour. 23, 131–140. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croux, C., Joossens, K., 2005, Influence of observations on the misclassification probability in quadratic discriminant analysis. J. Multivariate Anal. 96, 384–403. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dagnelie P., 2007, statistique théorique et appliquée, 3rd edn. De Boeck Université, Bruxelles.
Elen, S., 2001, Spectral reflectance and fluorescence characteristics of natural-color and heat-treated “golden” south sea cultured pearls. Gems Gemol. 37, 114–123. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis S., Haws M., 1999, Producing pearls using the black-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera), Aquafarmer Information Sheet, 141.
Gervis M.H., Sims N.A., 1992, The biology and culture of pearl oysters (Bivalvia: Pteriidae). International Centre for Living Aquatic resources management (ICLARM). Stud. Rev. 21.
He, M., Guan, Y., Yuan, T., Zhang, H., 2008, Realized heritability and response to selection for shell height in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (Gould). Aquac. Res. 39, 801–805. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hui, B., Vonau, V., Moriceau, J., Tetumu, R., Vanaa, V., Demoy-Schneider, M., Suquet, M., Le Moullac, G., 2011, Hatchery-scale trials using cryopreserved spermatozoa of black-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera). Aquat. Living Resour. 24, 219–223. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jerry, D.R., Kvingedal, R., Lind, C.E., Evans, B.S., Taylor, J.U., Safari, A.E., 2012, Donor oyster derived heritability estimates and the effect of genotype x environment interaction on the production of pearl quality traits in the silver-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima. Aquaculture 338, 66–71. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karampelas, S., Fritsch, E., Gauthier, J.-P., Hainschwang, T., 2011, UV-Vis-NIR reflectance spectroscopy of natural-color saltwater cultured pearls from Pinctada margaritifera. Gems Gemol. 47, 31–37. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komatsu, H., Akamatsu, S., 1978, Studies on differentiation of true and artificially coloured black and blue pearls. J. Gemmol. Soc. Jpn 5, 3–8. Google Scholar
Kvingedal, R., Evans, B.S., Lind, C.E., Taylor, J.J.U., Dupont-Nivet, M., Jerry, D.R., 2010, Population and family growth response to different rearing location, heritability estimates and genotype × environment interaction in the silver-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima). Aquaculture 304, 1–6. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landman N.H., Mikkelsen P.M., Bieler R., Bronson B., 2001, Pearls, a natural history. American Museum of Natural History and Harry N. Abrams Inc., New York, pp. 32–54.
Le Moullac, G., Tiapari, J., Tessier, H., Martinez, E., Cochard, J.C., 2011, Growth and gonad development of the tropical blacklip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera (L.), in the Gambier archipelago (French Polynesia). Aquac. Interntl. 20, 305–315. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch M., Walsh B., 1998, Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits.Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Mamangkey, N.G.F., Agatonovic, S., Southgate, P.C., 2010, Assessing pearl quality using reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy: does the same donor produce consistent pearl quality. Mar. Drugs 8, 2517–2525. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGinty, E.L., Evans, B.S., Taylor, J.U.U., Jerry, D.R., 2010, Xenografts and pearl production in two pearl oyster species, Pinctada maxima and P. margaritifera: effect on pearl quality and a key to understanding genetic contribution. Aquaculture 302, 175–181. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGinty, E.L., Zenger, K.R., Taylor, J.U.U., Evans, B.S., Jerry, D.R., 2011, Diagnostic genetic marker unravel the interplay between host and donor oyster contribution in cultured pearl formation. Aquaculture 304, 20–24. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGinty, E.L., Zenger, K.R., Jones, D.B., Jerry, D.R., 2012, Transcriptome analysis of biomineralisation-related genes within the pearl sac: host and donor oyster contribution. Mar. Genom. 5, 27–33. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sarikaya M., Liu J., Aksay IA., 1995, Nacre: properties, crystallography, morphology, and formation. In: Sarikaya M., Aksay I.A. (eds.) Biomimetics: design and processing of materials. New York: Woodbury, pp. 35–90.
Siegel S., Castellan N.J., 1988, Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences, second edition, McGraw-Hill, New-York.
Snow, M.R., Pring, A., Self, P., Losic, D., Shapter, J., 2004, The origin of the color of pearls in iridescence from nano-composite structures of the nacre. Am. Mineral. 89, 1353–1358. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talvard C., 2010, La perliculture en 2009, Points Forts de la Polynésie Française - Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie Française n° 8/2010, pp. 1–12.
Tayale, A., Gueguen, Y., Treguier, C., Le Grand, J., Cochennec-Laureau, N., Montagnani, C., Ky, C.L., 2012, Evidence of donor effect on cultured pearl quality from a duplicated grafting experiment on Pinctada margaritifera using wild donors. Aquat. Living Resour. 25, 269–280. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Velayudan, T.S., Chellam, A., Dharmaraj, S., Victor, A.C.C., Kasim, H.M., 1996, Comparison of growth and shell attributes for four generations of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (Gould) produced in the hatchery. Ind. J. Fish. 43, 69–77. Google Scholar
Verrier E., Rognon X., Leroy G., Heams T., 2009, Amélioration génétique des animaux. Bloc Technologies – Filières des produits Animaux. Polycopié AgroParisTech.
Wada, K.T., 1972, Relationship between calcium metabolism of pearl sac and pearl quality. Bull. Natl. Pearl Res. Lab. 16, 1949–2027. Google Scholar
Wada, K.T., 1984, Breeding study of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. Bull. Natl. Res. Inst. Aquac. 6, 79–157. Google Scholar
Wada, K.T., 1986, Genetic selection for shell traits in the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii. Aquaculture 57, 171–176. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wada, K.T., Komaru, A., 1996, Color and weight of pearls produced by grafting the mantle tissue from a selected population for white shell color of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (Dunker). Aquaculture 142, 25–32. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wada, K.T., 1986, Genetic selection for shell traits in the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii. Aquaculture 57, 171–176. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward F., 1995, Pearls. Gem Book Publishers, Bethesda, MD.
Wane G., 2013, Les problèmes réels de l’industrie de la perle de Tahiti, Tahiti Pacifique, No. 260, pp. 15–23.
Winer B.J., Brown D.R., Michels K.M., 1991, Statistical principles in experimental design, McGraw-Hill, New-York.