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The invention of hunter-gatherers in seventeenth-century Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2009

Mark Pluciennik
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Abstract

Why do we still speak of foragers and farmers? The division of societies into categories including ‘savage’ hunter-gatherers and ‘civilised’ farmers has its roots in seventeenth-century northwestern Europe, but has implications for archaeologists and anthropologists today. Such concepts still provide the frameworks for much intellectual labour including university courses, academic conferences and publications, as well as providing the basis for moral and political evaluations of contemporary societies and practices for a wide range of people, from governments to development agencies, ‘alternative’ archaeologies and parts of the Green movement. This paper examines some of the currents which contributed towards their establishment, and argues that writing ‘across’ such deep-seated categories may be the only way to challenge their hegemony and develop new questions. As an example recent trends in data and interpretation of the ‘mesolithic-neolithic transition’ in western Europe are discussed.

Keywords

historiographyseventeenth centurysocial evolutionmesolithic-neolithic transition
Type
Discussion Article
Information
Archaeological Dialogues , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , December 2002 , pp. 98 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2002

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