Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T01:36:30.635Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Conditioned responses are indeed conditioned

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Robert Ader  and
Nicholas Cohen
Robert Ader
Affiliation:
Division of Behavioral and Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
Nicholas Cohen
Affiliation:
Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N.Y. 14642
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Author's Response
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , December 1986 , pp. 760 - 763
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ader, R. (1976) Conditioned adrenocortical steroid elevations in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 90:1156–63. [KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ader, R. (1985) Conditioned immunopharmacologic effects in animals: Implications for a conditioning model of pharmacotherapy. In: Placebo: Theory, research, and mechanisms, ed. White, L., Turskey, B. & Schwartz, G. E.. Guildford Press. [rRA]Google Scholar
Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1975) Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression. Psychosomatic Medicine 37:333–40. [rRA]Google Scholar
Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1982) Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression and murine systemic lupus erythematosus. Science 215:1534–36. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1985) CNS-immune system interactions: Conditioning phenomena. Behavioral & Brain Sciences 8:379–94. [rRA, KWK]Google Scholar
Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1985r) The brain and the immune system: Conditional responses to commentator stimuli. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:413–26. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ader, R., Cohen, N. & Bovbjerg, D. (1982) Conditioned suppression of humoral immunity in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 96:517–21. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ader, R., Cohen, N. & Grota, L. J. (1979) Adrenal involvement in conditioned immunosuppression. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 1:141–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ader, R., Cohen, N. & Grota, L. J. (in press) Adrenocortical steroids in the conditioned suppression and enhancement of immune responses. In: Hormones and immunity, ed. Berczi, I.. Elsevier North-Holland. [rRA]Google Scholar
Ader, R., Grota, L. J. & Cohen, N. (in press) Conditioning phenomena and immune function. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. [rRA]Google Scholar
Blecha, F., Kelley, K. W. & Satterlee, D. G. (1982) Adrenal involvement in the expression of delayed-type hypersensitivity to SRBC and contact sensitivity to DNFB in stressed mice. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 169:247–52. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bovbjerg, D. H. (1983) Classically conditioned alterations in two cell-mediated immune responses. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Rochester. [rRA]Google Scholar
Bovbjerg, D., Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1982) Behaviorally conditioned suppression of a graft-versus-host response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 79:583–85. [KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bovbjerg, D., Ader, R. & Cohen, N. (1984) Acquisition and extinction of conditioned suppression of a graft-vs-host response in the rat. Journal of Immunology 132:111–13. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, N., Ader, R., Green, N. & Bovbjerg, D. (1979) Conditioned suppression of a thymus-independent antibody response. Psychosomatic Medicine 41:487–91. [rRA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, A. J. (1985) Conditional immunosuppression: An important but probably nonspecific phenomenon. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:397. [KWK]Google Scholar
Dyck, D. G., Greenberg, A. H. & Osachuk, T. A. G. (1986) Tolerance to drug-induced (Poly I:C) natural killer cell activation: Congruence with a Pavlovian conditioning model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 12:25–31. [rRA]Google ScholarPubMed
Eikelboom, R. & Stewart, J. (1982) Conditioning of drug-induced physiological responses. Psychological Review 89:507–26. [rRA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, J., Hankins, W. G. & Coil, J. D. (1977) Koalas, men, and other conditioned gastronomes. In: Food aversion learning, ed. Milgram, N. W., Krames, L. & Alloway, T. M.. Plenum. [KWK]Google Scholar
Gorczynski, R. M. & Kennedy, M. (1984) Associative learning and regulation of immune responses. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 8:593–600. [rRA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorczynski, R. M., Kennedy, M. & Ciampi, A. (1985) Cimetidine reverses tumor growth enhancement of plasmacytoma tumors in mice demonstrating conditioned immunosuppression. Journal of Immunology 134:4261–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Groczynski, R. M., Macrae, S. & Kennedy, M. (1982) Conditioned immune response associated with allogeneic skin grafts in mice. Journal of Immunology 129:704–9. [rRA]Google Scholar
Groczynski, R. M., Macrae, S. & Kennedy, M. (1984) Factors involved in the classical conditioning of antibody responses in mice. In: Breakdown in human adaptation to stress. Towards a multidisciplinary approach, ed. Ballieux, R., Fielding, J. & L'Abbatte, A.. Martinus Nijhoff. [KWK]Google Scholar
Hennessy, J. W., Smotherman, W. P. & Levine, S. (1976) Conditioned taste aversion and the pituitary-adrenal system. Behavioral Biology 16:413–24. [KWK]Google Scholar
Hiramoto, R. N. & Ghanta, V. K. (1986) Regulation of natural immunity (NK activity) by conditioning. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. [rRA]Google Scholar
Keller, S. E., Weiss, J., Schleifer, S. J., Miller, N. E. & Stein, M. (1983) Stress-induced suppression of immunity in adrenalectomized rats. Science 221:1301–4. [KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelley, K. W. & Dantzer, R. (submitted). The importance of conditioning in conditioned immunosuppression. In: Proceedings of the first international workshop on neuroimmunomodulation, vol. 2. Gordon and Breach. [KWK]Google Scholar
Kelley, K. W., Dantzer, R., Mormede, P., Salmon, H. & Aynaud, J. (1984) Conditioned taste aversion induces immunosuppression in the absence of an immunosuppressive drug. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, serie III 299:123–26. [rRA, KWK]Google Scholar
Kelley, K. W., Dantzer, R., Mormede, P., Salmon, H. & Aynaud, J. (1985) Conditioned taste aversion suppresses induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity immune reactions. Physiology and Behavior 34:189–93. [rRA, KWK]Google Scholar
Klosterhalfen, S. & Klsterhalfen, W. (1986) Classically conditioned cyclophosphamide effects on white blood cell counts in rats. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. [rRA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kusnecov, A. W., Sivyer, M., King, M. G., Husband, A. J., Cripps, A. W. & Clancy, R. L. (1983) Behaviorally conditioned suppression of the immune responses by antilymphocyte serum. Journal of Immunology 130:2117–20. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peeke, H. V. S., Ellman, G., Dark, K., McCurry, C. & Salfi, M. (1986) Corticosterone and behaviorally conditioned histamine release. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. [rRA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabin, B. M., Hunt, W. A. & Lee, J. (1983) Acquisition of lithium chloride and radiation-induced taste aversions in hypophysectomized rats. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 18:463–65. [KWK]Google Scholar
Russell, M., Dark, K. A., Cummins, R. W., Ellman, G., Callaway, E. & Peeke, H. V. S. (1984) Learned histamine release. Science 225:733–34. [rRA, KWK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sato, K., Flood, J. F. & Makinodan, T. (1984) Influence of conditioned psychological stress on immunological recovery in mice exposed to low-dose X-irradiation. Radiation Research 98:381–88. [rRA]Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. P. (1971) Phobias and preparedness. Behavior Therapy 2:307–21. [KWK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smotherman, W. P., Hennessy, J. W. & Levine, S. (1976) Plasma corticosterone levels during recovery from LiCl produced taste aversion. Behavioral Biology 16:401–12. [KWK]Google Scholar