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Two functional components of the hippocampal memory system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Howard Eichenbaum ,
Tim Otto  and
Neal J. Cohen
Howard Eichenbaum
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 Electronic mail: heichenbaum@ccmail.sunysb.edu
Tim Otto
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Busch Campus, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
Neal J. Cohen
Affiliation:
Beckman Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

There is considerable evidence that the hippocampal system contributes both to (1) the temporary maintenance of memories and to (2) the processing of a particular type of memory representation. The findings on amnesia suggest that these two distinguishing features of hippocampal memory processing are orthogonal. Together with anatomical and physiological data, the neuropsychological findings support a model of cortico-hippocampal interactions in which the temporal and representational properties of hippocampal memory processing are mediated separately. We propose that neocortical association areas maintain shortterm memories for specific items and events prior to hippocampal processing as well as providing the final repositories of long-term memory. The parahippocampal region supports intermediate-term storage of individual items, and the hippocampal formation itself mediates an organization of memories according to relevant relationships among items. Hippocampal-cortical interactions produce (i) strong and persistent memories for events, including their constituent elements and the relationships among them, and (ii) a capacity to express memories flexibly across a wide range of circumstances.

Keywords

amnesiaentorhinal cortexhippocampuslearningmemoryparahippocampal regionrepresentation
Type
Target Article
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , September 1994 , pp. 449 - 472
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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