Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T02:43:29.870Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of dietary protein quality on energy metabolism in growing chickens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

R. Nieto ,
C. Prieto ,
I. Fernández-Fígares  and
J. F. Aguilera
R. Nieto
Affiliation:
Estació Experimental del Zaidin (CSIC), Animal Nutrition Department, Profesor Albareda, 1. 18008 Granada, Spain
C. Prieto
Affiliation:
Estació Experimental del Zaidin (CSIC), Animal Nutrition Department, Profesor Albareda, 1. 18008 Granada, Spain
I. Fernández-Fígares
Affiliation:
Estació Experimental del Zaidin (CSIC), Animal Nutrition Department, Profesor Albareda, 1. 18008 Granada, Spain
J. F. Aguilera
Affiliation:
Estació Experimental del Zaidin (CSIC), Animal Nutrition Department, Profesor Albareda, 1. 18008 Granada, Spain
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A slaughter experiment was carried out to study the effect of dietary protein quality on maintenance energy requirements and energy costs for protein accretion and fat deposition in fast-growing broiler-type male chickens. Three isonitrogenous (200 g crude protein/kg DM) and isoenergetic (14 kJ metabolizable energy (ME)/g DM) semipurified diets based on soyabean meal unsupplemented (diet S) or supplemented with 20 g L-lysine/kg (diet SL) or 2 g DL-methionine/kg (diet SM), in order to promote a decrease or an increase in growth rate respectively, were selected and given at four feeding levels (ad lib. or restricted to 40, 28 and 18 g DM/d, on average) to 10-d-old fast-growing male broiler-type chicks for 2 weeks. Both the efficiency with which ME was used to support growth (kg) and the maintenance requirements (MEm) significantly decreased inversely to the biological value of the dietary protein (kg = 0·660, 0·600 and 0·572; MEm = 597, 522 and 464 k.J/kg W0·75 per d, for diets SI, S and SM respectively). The partial efficiencies of use of ME for protein accretion (kp) or fat deposition (kf) were also inversely related, the former increasing with the quality of the protein offered. An alternative procedure was used to try to overcome the statistical problems inherent in the partition of ME between fat and protein.

Keywords

Protein qualityEnergy costsMaintenance requirementsChickens
Type
Effects of dietary protein in chickens
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 74 , Issue 2 , August 1995 , pp. 163 - 172
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1995

References

REFERENCES

Aguilera, J. F. & Prieto, C. (1987 a) Effect of protein quality on energy requirements for maintenance in growing rats. Archives of Animal Nutrition, Berlin 10, 881–894.Google Scholar
Aguilera, J. F. & Prieto, C. (1987 b) Necesidades energéticas de mantenimiento en pollos en crecimiento (Energy requirements for maintenance in growing chickens). Archivos de Zootecnia 135, 165–172.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1975) Official Methods of Analysis, 12th ed. Washington, DC: AOAC.Google Scholar
Bernier, J. F., Calvert, C. C, Famula, T. R. & Baldwin, R. L. (1987) Energetic efficiency of protein and fat deposition in mice with a major gene for rapid postweaning gain. Journal of Nutrition 117, 539–548.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. (1989) Energy Metabolism in Animals and Man. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Buttery, P. J. & Boorman, K. N. (1976) The energetic efficiency of amino acid metabolism. In Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, pp. 197–512 [Cole, D.J. A., Boorman, K. N., Buttery, P. J., Lewis, D., Neal, R. J. and Swan, H., editors]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Close, W. H., Berschauer, F. & Heavens, R. P. (1983) The influence of protein: energy value of the ratio and level of feed intake on the energy and nitrogen metabolism of the growing pig. British Journal of Nutrition 49, 255–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Groote, G. (1968) Energetic evaluation of unstabilized and stabilized fish meals in terms of metabolizable energy and net energy for maintenance and growth. Feedstuffs, Minneapolis 40, 26.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F., Cadenhead, A., Mollison, G. & Seve, G. (1987 a) Effects of amount and quality of dietary protein on nitrogen metabolism and heat production of growing pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 58, 277–285.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F., Cadenhead, A., Reeds, P. J., Mollison, G. & Seve, B. (1978 b) Effects of the amount and quality of dietary protein on amino acid, nitrogen and energy metabolism and their interrelationships in growing pigs. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 32, pp. 2–5 [Moe, P.W., Tyrrell, H. F. and Reynolds, P. J., editors]. Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F., Reeds, P. J., Cadenhead, A., Seve, B. & Preston, T. (1987 c) Effects of the amount and quality of dietary protein on amino acid metabolism and protein turnover of pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 58, 287–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griminger, P. & Fisher, H. (1968) Methionine excess and chick growth. Poultry Science 47, 1271–1273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guillaume, J. (1976) Net utilization of the energy from carbohydrates and protein in the growing chick (1 to 3 weeks of age). In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 19, pp. 281–284 [Vermorel, M., editor]. Clermont-Ferrand: G. de Bussac.Google Scholar
Guillaume, J., Scheele, C. W. & Kussaibati, R. (1980) The effects of dietary protein, carbohydrate, fat and fibre on the net availability of metabolizable energy in the chick. In Energy Metabolism, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 26, pp. 37–41 [Mount, L. E., editor]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Han, Y. & Baker, D. H. (1993) Effects of excess methionine or lysine for broilers fed a corn-soyabean meal diet. Poultry Science 72, 1070–1074.Google Scholar
Johnson, D. E. & Crownover, J. C. (1976) Maintenance energy requirements of lean vs. obese growing chicks at equal age and body energy. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 19, pp. 121–124 [Vermorel, M., editor]. Clermont-Ferrand: G. de Bussac.Google Scholar
Katz, R. S. & Baker, D. H. (1975) Methionine toxicity in the chick: nutritional and metabolic implications. Journal of Nutrition 105, 1168–1175.Google Scholar
Kielanowski, J. (1965) Estimates of the energy cost of protein deposition in growing animals. In Energy Metabolism, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 11, pp. 13–20 [K. L. Blaxter, editor]. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lobley, G. E. (1988) Protein turnover and energy metabolism in animals: interactions in leanness and obesity. In Leanness in Domestic Birds: Genetics, Metabolic and Hormonal Aspects, pp. 331–361 [Leclerq, B. and Whitehead, C.C., editors]. INRA/Butterworths.Google Scholar
MacLeod, M. G. (1990) Energy and nitrogen intake, expenditure and retention at 20° in growing fowl given diets with a wide range of energy and protein contents. British Journal of Nutrition 64, 625–637.Google Scholar
Maruyama, K., Sunde, M. L. & Swick, R. S. (1978) Growth and muscle protein turnover in the chick. Biochemical Journal 176, 573–582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCracken, K. J., Eddie, S. M. & Stevenson, W. G. (1980) Energy and protein nutrition of early-weaned pigs. 1. Effect of energy intake and energy: protein on growth, efficiency and nitrogen utilization of pigs between 8–32 d. British Journal of Nutrition 43, 289–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nieto, R., Palmer, R. M., Fernandez-Figares, I., Perez, L & Prieto, C. (1994) Effect of dietary protein quality, feed restriction and short term fasting on protein synthesis and turnover in tissues of the growing chicken. British Journal of Nutrition 72, 499–507.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nijkamp, H. J., van Es, A. J. H. & Huisman, E. A. (1973) Retention of nitrogen, fat, ash, carbon and energy in growing chickens and in carp. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, pp. 277–280 [Menke, K.H., Lantzch, H. J. and Reichi, J. R., editors], Universität Hohenheim Dokumentationsstelle.Google Scholar
Okumura, J. & Mori, S. (1979) Effect of deficiencies of single essential amino acids on nitrogen and energy utilisation in chicks. British Poultry Science 20, 421–429.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petersen, C. B. (1970) Efficiency of protein and fat deposition in growing chickens determined by respiration experiments. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 13, pp. 205–208 [Schürch, A. and Wenk, C., editors]. Zurich: Juris Druck Verlag.Google Scholar
Reeds, P. J., Cadenhead, A., Fuller, M. F., Lobley, G. E. & McDonald, J. D. (1980) Protein turnover in growing pigs. Effects of age and food intake. British Journal of Nutrition 43, 445–455.Google Scholar
Sibbald, I. R. & Wolynetz, M. S. (1986) Effects of dietary lysine and feed intake on energy utilization and tissue synthesis by broiler chicks. Poultry Science 65, 98–105.Google Scholar
Snetsinger, D. C. & Scott, H. M. (1961) Efficiency of glycine and arginine in alleviating the stress induced by dietary excesses of single amino acids. Poultry Science 40, 1675–1681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solberg, J., Buttery, P. J. & Boorman, K. N. (1971) Effect of moderate methionine deficiency on food, protein and energy utilisation in the chick. British Poultry Science 12, 297–304.Google Scholar
Summers, J. D. & Leeson, S. (1985) Broiler carcass composition as affected by amino acid supplementation. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, 717–723.Google Scholar
Tasaki, I., Sugahara, K. & Okumura, J. (1976) Effect of amino acid deficiency on energy and protein utilization in growing chicks. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 19, pp. 101–104 [Vermorel, M., editor]. Clermont-Ferrand: G. de Bussac.Google Scholar
Thomas, O. A., Davidson, J. & Boyne, A. W. (1969) Dietary factors affecting the utilisation of protein by laying hens and their effects on the concentration of certain nitrogenous constituents in the excreta. British Poultry Science 10, 67–82.Google Scholar
Zausch, M. (1969) Experiments on the total metabolism of growing cockerels by means of the simultaneous difference trial. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 12, pp. 401–406 [Blaxter, K.L., Kielanowski, J. and Thorbek, G., editors]. Newcastle upon Tyne: Oriel Press.Google Scholar
Zausch, M., Bein, L. & Gebhardt, G. (1961) Die Futterverwertung in Abhälngigkeit vom Ernährungsniveau nach Untersuchungen an wachsenden Albinoratten (Feed evaluation in relation to different nutritional levels in experiments with growing Albino rats). In Symposium on Energy Metabolism, European Association for Animal Production Publication no. 10, pp. 94–104 [Brouwer, E. and van Es, A.J. H., editors]. Rome: EAAP.Google Scholar