Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m8s7h Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T12:20:11.873Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of feeding restriction and meal pattern of a sugar beet-containing diet and control diet on nutrient digestibility, plasma lipid concentrations and postprandial triacylglycerol response in broiler chickens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2008

A. Razdan  and
D. Pettersson
A. Razdan
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
D. Pettersson
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Broiler chickens were fed on a control diet based on maize or a diet containing sugar-beet-pulp fibre (Beeffiber) at an inclusion level of 46 g/kg. Diets were provided ad lib. or at a restricted level either once daily or three times daily. On days 13 and 20, chickens fed on the ad lib. control and sugar-beet-pulp-containing diets generally weighed more and had poorer feed conversion ratios than chickens given the restricted control and sugar-beet-pulp-containing diets respectively. Furthermore, chickens given the restricted diets once daily had greater body weights and generally improved feed conversion efficiencies compared with chickens given the restricted diets three times daily. Generally, elevated plasma Lipid concentrations were observed amongst chickens given the restricted diets once daily compared with chickens fed ad lib. as well as the restricted diets three times daily, while chickens fed on restricted diets three times daily had plasma lipid concentrations intermediate between those fed ad lib. and once daily. In a plasma triacylglycerol response study on day 22, feeding of sugar-beet-pulp-containing diets generally reduced postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations and delayed triacylglycerol response relative to chickens given the control diets either ad lib. or restricted, which may indicate gastrointestinal adaptation to feeding of a fibre-rich diet. Postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations observed for chickens receiving restricted diets were increased compared with chickens given the respective ad lib. diets, indicating adaptation of chickens to reduced feed frequency. On day 25, feeding of sugar-beet-pulp-containing diets decreased digesta dry matter content and ileal organic matter digestibility. Chickens given sugar-beet-pulp-containing diets generally had, on day 25, increased caecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in comparison with chickens given the ad lib. control diet, indicating increased fermentation of dietary components. It is also noteworthy that the greatest SCFA concentrations were observed amongst chickens given the control diet once daily, suggesting enhanced caecal fermentation capacity. This may have been a consequence of increased bacterial activity and caecal hypertrophy due to infrequent feeding of a low-fibre diet.

Keywords

Sugar beetPlasma lipidsDietary fibreFeeding frequencySCFAChickens
Type
Effects of dietary composition and frequency on lipid metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 3 , March 1994 , pp. 389 - 400
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

REFERENCES

Áman, P. & Hesselman, K. (1984). Analysis of starch and other main constituents of cereal grains. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, 135–139.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. W., Deakins, D. A., Floore, T. A., Smith, B. M. & Whitis, S. E. (1990). Dietary fiber and coronary heart disease. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 29, 95–147.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. W. & Tietyen-Clark, J. (1986). Dietary fiber: Hyperlipidemia, hypertension and coronary heart disease. American Journal of Gastroenterology 81, 907–919.Google ScholarPubMed
Anon (1971). Determination of crude oils and fats. Official Journal of the European Communities L297, 995–997.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1984). Official Methods of Analysis, 14th ed.Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Chang, M. L. W. (1983). Dietary pectin: effect on metabolic processes in rats. In Unconventional Sources of Dietary Fiber. ACS Symposium Series 214, pp. 143–154 [Furda, I., editor]. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cryer, A. (1987). Comparative biochemistry and physiology of lipoprotein lipase. In Lipoprotein Lipase, pp. 277–327 [Borensztajn, J., editor]. Chicago: Evener Publications.Google Scholar
Cummings, J. H., Pomare, E. W., Branch, W. J., Naylor, C. P. E. & MacFarlane, G. T. (1987). Short-chain fatty acids in human large intestine, portal, hepatic and venous blood. Gut 28, 1221–1227.Google Scholar
Dietschy, J. M., Sallee, V. L. & Wilson, F. A. (1971). Unstirred water layers and absorption across the intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology 61, 932–934.Google Scholar
Fabry, P. & Kujalova, V. (1960). Enhanced growth of small intestine in rats as a result of adaptation to intermittent starvation. Acta Anatomica 43, 264–271.Google Scholar
Fabry, P. & Tepperman, J. (1970). Meal frequency - a possible factor in human pathology. American Journal of Clinicnl Nutrifion 23, 1059–1068.Google Scholar
Fenton, T. W. & Fenton, M. (1979). An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 59, 631–634.Google Scholar
Flourie, B., Vidon, N., Florent, C. H. & Bernier, J. J. (1984). Effect of pectin on jejunal glucose absorption and unstirred layer thickness in normal man. GUZ 25, 936–941.Google Scholar
Furda, I. (1990). Interaction of dietary fiber with lipids-mechanistic theories and their limitations. In New Developments in Dietary Fiber, pp. 67–82 [Furda, I. and Brine, C. J., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, H., Hesselman, K. & Aman, P. (1986). The influence of wheat bran and sugar-beet pulp on the digestibility of dietary components in a cereal-based pig diet. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 42, 77–85.Google Scholar
Jenkins, D. J. A., Ocana, A., Jenkins, A. L., Wolever, T. M. S., Vuksan, V., Katzman, L., Hollands, M.,Greenberg, G., Corey, P., Patten, R., Wong, G. & Josse, R. G. (1992). Metabolic advantages of spreading the nutrient load: effects of increased meal frequency in non-insulin dependent diabetics. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, 461–467.Google Scholar
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Vuksan, V., Brighenti, F., Cunnane, S. C., Rao, A. V., Jenkins, A. L., Buckley, G., Patten, R., Singer, W., Corey, P. & Josse, G. (1989). Nibbling versus gorging: metabolic advantages of increased meal frequency. New England Journal of Medicine 321, 929–934.Google Scholar
Johnson, I. T. & Gee, J. M. (1981). Effect of gel-forming gums on the intestinal unstirred layer and sugar transport in vitro Gut 22, 398–403.Google Scholar
Kritchevsky, D. (1986). Dietary fiber and atherosclerosis. In Dietary Fiber; Basic and Clinical Aspects, pp. 265–312 [Vahouny, G. V. and Kritchevsky, D., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Lampe, J. W., Slavin, J. L., Baglien, K. S., Thompson, W. O., Duane, W. C. & Zavoral, J. H. (1991). Serum lipid and fecal bile acid changes with cereal, vegetable and sugar-beet feeding. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 1235–1241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michel, F., Thibault, J.-F. & Barry, J.-L. (1988). Preparation and characterisation of dietary fibre from sugar beet pulp. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 42, 77–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ÒLooney, P. A. & Vahouny, G. V. (1987). Diabetes and lipoprotein lipase activity. In Lipoprotein Lipase, pp. 229–246 [Borcnsztajn, J., editor]. Chicago: Evener Publications.Google Scholar
Pettersson, D. & Åman, P. (1992). Production responses and serum lipid concentrations of broiler chickens fed diets based on oat bran and extracted oat bran with and without enzyme supplementation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 58, 569–576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pettersson, D. & Razdan, A. (1993). Effects of increasing levels of sugar-beet pulp in broiler chicken diets on nutrient digestion and plasma cholesterol. British Journal of Nutrition 70, 127–137.Google Scholar
Quinn, D., Shirai, K. & Jackson, R. L. (1982). Lipoprotein lipase: mechanism of action and role in lipid metabolism. Progress in Lipid Research 22, 35–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandhu, K. S., El Samahi, M. M., Mena, I., Dooley, C. P. & Valenzuela, J. E. (1987). Effect of pectin on gastric emptying and gastroduodenal motility in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 92, 486–492.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellers, A. F. (1977). Genesis and propagation of motor activity in the digestive tract. In Duke's Physiology of Domestic Animals, pp. 233–239 [Swenson, M. J., editor]. New York: Ithaca.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute Inc. (1985). SAS User's Guide; Statistics. Cary, North Carolina: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Theander, O. & Westerlund, E. (1986). Studies on dietary fibers. 3. Improved procedures for analysis of dietary fibers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 34, 330–336.Google Scholar
Vahouny, G. V. & Cassidy, M. M. (1986). Dietary fiber and intestinal adaptation. In Dietary Fiber; Basic and Clinical Aspects, pp. 181–209 [Vahouny, G. V. and Kritchevsky, D., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar