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Gender-related response of lipid metabolism to dietary fatty acids in the hamster

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Anne Morise ,
Jacques Mourot ,
Carole Boué ,
Nicole Combe ,
Ghislaine Amsler ,
Daniel Gripois ,
Annie Quignard-Boulangé ,
Laurent Yvan-Charvet ,
Evelyne Fénart  and
Pierre Weill
...Show all authors
Anne Morise
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie de la Nutrition, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
Jacques Mourot
Affiliation:
INRA, SENAH, Saint-Gilles, 35590 L'Hermitage, France
Carole Boué
Affiliation:
3ITERG-Nutrition, 35405 Talence, France
Nicole Combe
Affiliation:
3ITERG-Nutrition, 35405 Talence, France
Ghislaine Amsler
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie de la Nutrition, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
Daniel Gripois
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie de la Nutrition, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
Annie Quignard-Boulangé
Affiliation:
INSERM 465, 75005 Paris, France
Laurent Yvan-Charvet
Affiliation:
INSERM 465, 75005 Paris, France
Evelyne Fénart
Affiliation:
ONIDOL, 75008 Paris, France
Pierre Weill
Affiliation:
La Messayais, 35210 Combourtillé, France
Dominique Hermier*
Affiliation:
UMR Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, INRA-INA-PG, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Dominique Hermier, fax +33 1 44 08 72 46, email hermier@inapg.inra.fr
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Abstract

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Gender and dietary fatty acids are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, disturbances of which can lead to pathologies such as metabolic syndrome or CVD. Possible interactions between these factors were investigated in male and female hamsters fed diets rich in either saturated fatty acids (‘butter’ diet) or in α-linolenic acid (‘linseed oil’ diet). Gender effect predominated over the diet effect on cholesterol (CH) metabolism; compared to males, females exhibited lower concentrations of plasma total CH (−20%, P<0·001), LDL-CH (−40%, P<0·001) and HDL-CH (−16%, P<0·001), together with higher LDL receptor (+40%) and lower HDL receptor (−60%) hepatic content. Triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was affected by diet above all: compared to animals fed the ‘butter’ diet, those fed the ‘linseed oil’ diet exhibited lower plasma (−23%, P=0·046) and liver TG (−20%, P=0·026) concentration which may result from both an increased β-oxidation (P<0·001), without any change in PPARα mRNA, and a decreased hepatic lipogenesis (P=0·023), without increased sterol response element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) mRNA. The response to diet was much more pronounced in males than in females, without gender effect on the transcription level of PPARα and SREBP1c. Finally, the ‘linseed oil’ diet decreased the insulin resistance index (−80%, P<0·001) with a more marked effect in males, in relation to their higher hepatic PPARγ expression (+90%, P=0·012). In conclusion, in our model, the response of either TG or CH to dietary fatty acids is modulated differently by gender. The possible relevance of these interactions to dietary practice should be taken into account in man.

Keywords

α-Linolenic acidGenderLipid metabolismDietary fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 709 - 720
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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