Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T16:31:22.741Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diets: effect on adipose tissue metabolism in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M. H. G. Gaíva ,
R. C. Couto ,
L. M. Oyama ,
G. E. C. Couto ,
V. L. F. Silveria ,
E. B. Roberio  and
C. M. O. Nascimento
M. H. G. Gaíva
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mato Grosso Federal University (UFMT), Mato Grosso, Brazil
R. C. Couto
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
L. M. Oyama
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
G. E. C. Couto
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
V. L. F. Silveria
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
E. B. Roberio
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
C. M. O. Nascimento*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology and Endocrine Physiology, S´o oaulo federal University(UNIFESP–EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862 2nd andar - Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Claudia Maria Oller do Nascimento, fax +55 11 55 79 76 75, email claudia@ecb.epm.br
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of diets rich in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on adipose tissue metabolism. Starting at weaning, male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum, for 8 weeks with one of the following diets: C, rat chow; S, rat chow containing 15 % (w/w) soyabean oil; F, rat chow containing 15 % (w/w) fish oil; SF, rat chow containing 15 % (w/w) soyabean and fish oil (5:1, w/w). Casein was added to the fat diets to achieve the same 20 % (w/w) protein content as in the control chow. Food intake and body weight were measured weekly. The rats were killed by decapitation and the retroperitoneal (RET) and epididymal (EPI) white adipose tissues were removed and weighed. Tissue lipid and protein content, in vivo lipogenesis rate, uptake of diet-derived lipids, in vitro lipolytic rate, adipocyte area, lipoprotein lipase, ATP citrate lyase, and malic enzyme activities were evaluated. Carcass lipid and protein contents were also measured. Energy intake was reduced while carcass lipid content was increased in the three fat-fed groups. However, carcass protein and body weight gains were elevated only with diets F and SF. Lipolysis rate was diminished by diets F and SF, while the uptake of diet-derived lipids was elevated by the diet S in both RET and EPI tissues. These metabolic alterations may have contributed to the increase in in vivo lipogenesis rate in the presence of decreased ATP citrate lyase and malic enzyme activities induced by the three lipid diets. These results indicate that enrichment of the diet with polyunsaturated fatty acids causes changes in adipose tissue metabolism that favour fat deposition. Different metabolic pathways were preferentially affected by each type of fatty acid used.

Keywords

n-6 and n-3 Fatty acid-rich dietsAdipose tissue metabolismNutrition
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 86 , Issue 3 , September 2001 , pp. 371 - 377
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

References

Awad, AB, Bernardis, LL & Fink, CS (1990) Failure to demonstrate an effect of dietary fatty acid composition on body weight, body composition and parameters of lipid metabolism in mature rats. Journal of Nutrition 120, 1277–1282.Google Scholar
Arner, P & Engfeldt, P (1987) Fasting-mediated alteration studies in insulin action on lipolysis and lipogenesis in obese women. American Journal of Physiology 253, E193–E201.Google Scholar
Belzung, F, Raclot, T & Groscolas, R (1993) Fish oil n-3 fatty acids selectively limit the hypertrophy of abdominal fat depots in growing rats fed high-fat diets. American Journal of Physiology 264, R1111–R1118.Google Scholar
Boozer, CN, Schoenbach, G & Atkinson, RL (1995) Dietary fat and adiposity: a dose–response relationship in adult male rats fed isocalorically. American Journal of Physiology 268, E546–E550.Google Scholar
Calder, PC (1998) Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 31, 467–490.Google Scholar
Corrigan, AP & Rider, CC (1983) Multiple chromatographic forms of ATP citrate lyase from rat liver. Biochemical Journal 214, 299–307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cryer, A, Riley, SE, Williams, ER & Robinson, DS (1974) Effects of fructose, sucrose and glucose feeding on plasma insulin concentrations and on adipose-tissue clearing – factor lipase activity in the rat. Biochemical Journal 140, 561–563.Google Scholar
Dagnelie, PC, Rietveld, T, Swart, GR, Stijnen, T & Van Den Berg, JW (1994) Effect of dietary fish oil on blood levels of free fatty acids, ketone bodies and triacylglycerol in humans. Lipids 29, 41–45.Google Scholar
Dulloo, AG, Mensi, N, Seydoux, J & Girardier, L (1995) Differential effects of high-fat diets varying in fatty acid composition on the efficiency of lean and fat tissue deposition during weight recovery after low food intake. Metabolism 44, 273–279.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eggstein, M & Kreutz, FH (1966) Eine neue bestimmung der neutralfette im blustserum und gewebe: prinzip, durchfunhunrung und besprechung der methode (A new determination of the neutral fats in blood serum and tissue. I. Principles, procedures, and discussion of the method). Klinische Wochenschrift 44, 262–267.Google Scholar
Fickova, M, Hubert, P, Crémel, G & Leray, C (1998) Dietary (n-3) and and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids rapidly modify fatty acid composition and insulin effects in rat adipocytes. Journal of Nutrition 128, 512–519.Google Scholar
Fielding, BA & Frayn, KN (1998) Lipoprotein lipase and the deposition of dietary fatty acids. British Journal of Nutrition 80, 495–502.Google Scholar
Frayn, KN, Coppack, SW & Potts, J (1992) Effects of diet on human adipose tissue metabolism. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 51, 409–418.Google Scholar
French, SJ, Murray, B, Runsay, DE & Read, NW (1995) Adaptation to high-fat diets: effects on eating behaviour and plasma cholecystokinin. British Journal of Nutrition 73, 179–189.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaíva Gomes, daSilva, MH, Pithon, TC & Nascimento, CMO (1996) Effect of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid rich diets on hepatic and adipose tissue lipid metabolism in rats. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 66, 258–262.Google Scholar
Guimarães, ARP, Sitnik, RH, Nascimento, CMO & Curi, R (1990) Polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids rich diets and immune tissues. Biochemistry International 22, 1015–1023.Google Scholar
Hill, JO, Peters, JC, Lin, D, Yakubu, F, Greene, H & Swift, L (1993) Lipid accumulation and body fatty distribution is influenced by type of dietary fat fed to rats. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 17, 223–236.Google Scholar
Himaya, A, Fantino, M, Antoine, JM, Brondel, L & Louis-Silvestre, J (1997) Satiety power of dietary fat: a new appraisal. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65, 1410–1418.Google Scholar
Hirsch, J & Gallian, E (1968) Methods for the determination of adipose cell size in man and animals. Journal of Lipid Research 9, 110–119.Google Scholar
Horn, C, Tordoff, MG & Friedman, MI (1996) Does ingested fat produce satiety? American Journal of Physiology 39, R761–R765.Google Scholar
Llobera, M, Montes, A & Herrera, E (1979) Lipoprotein-lipase activity in liver of the rats fetus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 91, 272–277.Google Scholar
Lowry, OH, Rosebrough, NJ, Farr, AL & Randall, RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–268.Google Scholar
Maggio, CA, Haraczkiwicz, E & Vasselli, JR (1988) Diet composition alters the satiety effect of cholecystokinin in lean and Zucker rats. Physiology and Behavior 43, 485–491.Google Scholar
Masoro, EJ (1981) Metabolic rate. In Handbook of Physiology Aging, pp. 411–421 [Masoro, EJ, Adelman, RC and Roth, GS, editors]. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc.Google Scholar
Newsholme, EA & Williams, T (1978) The role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in amino acid metabolism in muscle. Biochemical Journal 176, 623–626.Google Scholar
Nilsson-Ehle, P & Schotz, MCA (1972) A stable radioactive substrate emulsion for assay of lipoprotein lipase. Journal of Lipid Research 17, 536–541.Google Scholar
Oller, doNascimento, CM & Williamson, DH (1986) Tissue-specific effects of starvation and refeeding on the disposal of oral [1-14C] triolein in the rat during lactation and on removal of litter. Biochemical Journal 254, 539–546.Google Scholar
Otto, DA, Baltzell, JK & Wooten, JT (1992) Reduction in triacylglycerol levels by fish oil correlates with free fatty acid levels in ad libitum fed rats. Lipids 27, 1013–1017.Google Scholar
Oudart, H, Groscolas, R, Calgari, C, Nibellinki, M, Leray, C & Malan, A (1997) Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 21, 955–962.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raclot, T & Groscolas, R (1994) Individual fish-oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deposition and mobilization rates for adipose tissue of rats in a nutritional steady state. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, 72–78.Google Scholar
Robinson, AM & Williamson, DH (1978) Evidence for a role of insulin regulation of lipogenesis in lactating rat mammary gland. Measurements of lipogenesis in vivo and plasma hormone concentrations in response to starvation and refeeding. Biochemical Journal 170, 609–613.Google Scholar
Rustan, AC, Hustvedt, BE & Drevon, CA (1993) Dietary supplementation of very long-chain n-3 fatty acids decreases whole body lipid utilization in the rat. Journal of Lipid Research 34, 1299–1309.Google Scholar
Shimomura, Y, Tamura, T & Suzuki, M (1990) Less body fat accumulation in rats fed a safflower oil diet than in rats fed a beef tallow diet. Journal of Nutrition 120, 1291–1296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silveira, VLF, Lamãos, EA & Nunes, DW (1995) Participation of the adrenal gland in the anti-inflammatory effect of polyunsaturated diets. Mediators of Inflammation 4, 359–363.Google Scholar
Singer, P, Wirth, M & Berger, I (1990) A possible contribution of decrease in fatty acids to low serum triglyceride levels after diets supplemented with n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Atherosclerosis 83, 167–175.Google Scholar
Stansbie, D, Brownsey, RW, Cretaz, M & Denton, RM (1976) Acute effects in vivo of anti-insulin serum on rates of fatty acid synthesis and activities of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in liver and epididymal adipose tissue of fed rats. Biochemical Journal 160, 413–416.Google Scholar
Su, W & Jones, PJH (1993) Dietary fatty acid composition influences energy accretion in rats. Journal of Nutrition 123, 2109–2114.Google Scholar
Takeuchi, H, Matsuo, T, Tokuyama, K, Shimomura, Y & Suzuki, M (1995) Diet-induced thermogenesis is lower in rats fed a lard diet than in those fed a high oleic acid safflower oil diet, a sunflower oil diet or a linseed oil diet. Journal of Nutrition 125, 920–925.Google Scholar
Tisdale, MJ (1993) Mechanism of lipid mobilization associated with cancer cachexia: interaction between the polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and inhibitory guanine nucleotide-regulatory protein. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 48, 105–109.Google Scholar
Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N, Takahashi, M, Kim, H & Esaki, O (1999) Up-regulation of liver uncoupling protein-2 mRNA by either fish oil feeding or fibrate administration in mice. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 257, 879–885.Google Scholar
West, DB & York, B (1998) Dietary fat, genetic predisposition, and obesity: lessons from animal models. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 67, Suppl., 505S–512S.Google Scholar