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The effects of temperature and photoperiod on the induction of diapause in eggs of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

K. G. Wardhaugh
K. G. Wardhaugh
Affiliation:
CSIRO, Division of Entomology, P.O. Box 1700, Canberra City, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
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Abstract

Photoperiod was shown to be the principal factor regulating the induction of a facultative egg-diapause in Chortoicetes terminifera(Wlk.). All developmental stages from first-instar nymphs to immature adults were sensitive to photoperiod. At constant photophases, the insect exhibited a short-day—long-day response, with the upper and lower critical photo-periods for induction approximating to LD 15·5: 8·5 and 11:13, respectively. These correspond to the range of photoperiods experienced by the insect under natural conditions. The maximum inductive response occurred at about the mid-point of this range, i.e. LD 13·5: 10·5. In experiments in which insects experienced a change in photophase at the end of the nymphal stage, the incidence of diapause varied with the direction of change (long to short or short to long) and indicated that diapause induction was prevented by an increase in photophase but enhanced when the photophase was reduced. The size of the inductive response associated with a decrease in photophase appeared to depend less on the size of the decrease than on its position within the inductive range, such that the maximum effects were observed when the sequence of light regimes were close to or spanned the most inductive constant photophase. Temperature was also important in determining the induction of diapause. In the upper portion of the inductive range (15·5 to 12·5 h light), insects subjected to high temperatures or to an increase in temperature during development showed a lower incidence of diapause than those subjected to low temperatures or to a decrease in temperature. In the lower portion of the inductive range, the effects of temperature were reversed, with high temperature or an increase in temperature being more inductive than low temperature or a decrease in temperature.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 70 , Issue 4 , December 1980 , pp. 635 - 647
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

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