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Higher sika deer density is associated with higher local abundance of Haemaphysalis longicornis nymphs and adults but not larvae in central Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2013

Hideharu Tsukada ,
Yoshio Nakamura ,
Tsugihiko Kamio ,
Hisashi Inokuma ,
Yasuko Hanafusa ,
Naoko Matsuda ,
Tetsuya Maruyama ,
Takahiro Ohba  and
Koji Nagata
Hideharu Tsukada*
Affiliation:
NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Shiono, Miyota, Nagano 389-0201, Japan
Yoshio Nakamura
Affiliation:
NARO Institute of Animal Health, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
Tsugihiko Kamio
Affiliation:
Kyushu Research Station, NARO Institute of Animal Health, Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
Hisashi Inokuma
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
Yasuko Hanafusa
Affiliation:
NARO Institute of Animal Health, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
Naoko Matsuda
Affiliation:
Tochigi Prefectural Citizen’s Park Management Office, Nagai, Yaita, Tochigi 329-2514, Japan
Tetsuya Maruyama
Affiliation:
Department of Environment and Forestry, Tochigi Prefectural Office, Tochigi 320-8501, Japan
Takahiro Ohba
Affiliation:
Shizuoka Prefecture Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Hamamatsu 434-0016, Japan
Koji Nagata
Affiliation:
Kanagawa Prefecture Natural Environment Conservation Center, Nanasawa, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa 243-0121, Japan
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: +81 (0)267 32 0757 Fax: +81 (0)267 32 2318 E-mail: htsuka@affrc.go.jp
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Abstract

Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) is one of the most common and important arthropod disease vectors in Japan, carrying Japanese spotted fever and bovine theileriosis. The recent expansion of sika deer (Cervus nippon, Artiodactyla: Cervidae) populations, the most common wild host of H. longicornis, has also caused concern about increasing the risk of vector-borne diseases in Japan. We used generalized linear mixed model analysis to determine the relative contribution of deer density and other biological and abiotic factors on the abundance of H. longicornis ticks questing at each developmental stage. A total of 6223 H. longicornis adults, nymphs, and larvae were collected from 70 sites in three regions of central Japan. The abundance of questing adult and nymphal ticks was associated with deer density and other biotic and abiotic factors. However, the abundance of questing larvae showed no association with deer density but did show an association with other biotic and abiotic factors. These findings show that a high density of deer along with other biotic and abiotic factors is associated with increased risk of vector-borne diseases through amplified local abundance of questing nymphal and adult H. longicornis. Further, questing larvae abundance is likely regulated by environmental conditions and is likely correlated with survival potential or the distribution of other host species.

Keywords

tick abundancebiological factorclimatic factorHaemaphysalis longicornissika deer
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 104 , Issue 1 , February 2014 , pp. 19 - 28
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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