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Principal determinants of species and functional diversity of carabid beetle assemblages during succession at post-industrial sites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2017

J. Sipos ,
J. Hodecek ,
T. Kuras  and
A. Dolny
J. Sipos*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidicka 25/27, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
J. Hodecek
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Ecology/Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
T. Kuras
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
A. Dolny
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Ecology/Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: +420737777513 Fax: +420596120478 E-mail: jsipos@seznam.cz
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Abstract

Although ecological succession is one of the principal focuses of recent restoration ecology research, it is still unclear which factors drive this process and positively influence species richness and functional diversity. In this study we sought to elucidate how species traits and functional diversity change during forest succession, and to identify important factors that determine the species in the observed assemblages. We analyzed species richness and functional diversity of ground beetle assemblages in relation to succession on post-industrial localities after habitat deterioration caused by spoil deposition. We selected ground beetles as they are known to be sensitive to landscape changes (with a large range of responses), and their taxonomy and ecology are generally well-known. Ground beetles were sampled on the spoil heaps during the last 30 years when spontaneous succession occurred. To calculate functional diversity, we used traits related to habitat and trophic niche, i.e. food specialization, wing morphology, trophic level, and bio-indication value. Ground beetle species were found to be distributed non-randomly in the assemblages in the late phase of succession. Ordination analyses revealed that the ground beetle assemblage was significantly associated with the proportion of forested area. Environmental heterogeneity generated assemblages that contained over-dispersed species traits. Our findings indicated that environmental conditions at late successional stages supported less mobile carnivorous species. Overall, we conclude that the decline in species richness and functional diversity in the middle of the studied succession gradient indicated that the assemblages of open habitats had been replaced by species typical of forest ecosystems.

Keywords

environmental factorsfunctional traitslandscape restorationspoil heapsfunctional redundancycarabid
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 107 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 466 - 477
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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