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Physiological trade-offs of forming maggot masses by necrophagous flies on vertebrate carrion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2011

D.B. Rivers ,
C. Thompson  and
R. Brogan
D.B. Rivers*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Loyola University Maryland, 4501 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21210, USA
C. Thompson
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Loyola University Maryland, 4501 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21210, USA
R. Brogan
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Loyola University Maryland, 4501 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21210, USA
*
*Authors for correspondence Fax: +01 410 617 5682 E-mail: drivers@loyola.edu
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Abstract

Necrophagous flies that colonize human and animal corpses are extremely efficient at locating and utilizing carrion. Adult flies deposit eggs or larvae on the ephemeral food resource, which signals the beginning of intense inter- and intra-species competition. Within a short period of time after egg hatch, large larval aggregations or maggot masses form. A period of intense larval feeding ensues that will culminate with consumption/decomposition of all soft tissues associated with the corpse. Perhaps the most distinctive feature of these feeding aggregations is heat production; that is, the capacity to generate internal heat that can exceed ambient temperatures by 30°C or more. While observations of maggot mass formation and heat generation have been described in the research literature for more than 50 years, our understanding of maggot masses, particularly the physiological ecology of the aggregations as a whole, is rudimentary. In this review, an examination of what is known about the formation of maggot masses is presented, as well as arguments for the physiological benefits and limitations of developing in feeding aggregations that, at times, can represent regions of intense competition, overcrowded conditions, or a microclimate with elevated temperatures approaching or exceeding proteotoxic stress levels.

Keywords

larval aggregationsforensic entomologyproteotoxic stressheterothermylarval crowdingblow flies
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 101 , Issue 5 , October 2011 , pp. 599 - 611
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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