^{page 453 note 1} Two theses, one by my friend Dr. M. A. ‘Azzām, now of the University of Manchester, on the poetry of the Sīra in general, and the other by the present writer which dealt chiefly with the poetry ascribed to Hassān b. Thābit in his Dīwān, in the Sīra, and elsewhere, were submitted to the University of London in 1953. See also Guillaume, A., ‘The biography of the Prophet in recent research’, Islamic Quarterly, I, 1, 1954, 5–11Google Scholar, and Professor Guillaume's translation of Ibn Isḥhāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh (O.U.P., 1955), introduction, pp. XXV–XXX. For individual studies by the present writer see BSOAS, XVII, 2, 1955, 197–205; XVII, 3, 1955, 416–25; XXI, 1, 1958, 15–30.

^{page 453 note 2} See, e.g., Sīra (ed. Wüstenfeld), 18, 19, and § 8 below.

^{page 453 note 3} e.g. ibid., p. 520, 1. 6 ff.

^{page 453 note 4} Classical writers are here intended, but mention must be made of the well-known contribution of Dr. Ḥusain, Taha, Fi'l-adab al-jāhilī (Cairo, 1947),Google Scholar particularly pp. 124 ff.

^{page 453 note 5} Barqūqī, in his edition of the Dīwān of Hassān b. Thābit (Cairo, 1929), quotes al-Aṡma'ါto the effect that ‘poems are ascribed to Ḥassīn which cannot be by him’ (introduction p. (b)). No reference is given and the present writer has been unable to locate this opinion of al-Aṡma'ī in the sources available to him.

^{page 453 note 6} Tabaqāt al-shu ‘arā’, ed. Shakir, M.M., Cairo, 1957, 22, 39–40.Google Scholar

^{page 454 note 1} Several scholars known as al-‘Adawī are mentioned in biographical dictionaries or encountered in history books. al-‘Adawī who concerns us here is Aḥmad b. MuḤammad b. Ḥumaid and biographers are silent about him. He transmitted some of the information ascribed to him in the MS concerned from Ibn IsḤāq through two successive authorities, and from Hishām b. ‘Urwa, through two other successive authorities, so that he must have flourished in the first half of the third century A.H. See § 13, below.

^{page 454 note 2} Dīwān of Ḥassān b. Thābit, ed. Hirschfeld (Gibb Memorial Series, XIII), Leyden and London, 1910; roman numerals refer to the numbers of the poems in this edition.

^{page 455 note 1} Sīra, 826. Dīwān of Ǣassān, no. CXLII.

^{page 455 note 2} Sīra, 4.

^{page 455 note 3}

^{page 455 note 4}

^{page 455 note 5} e.g. Sīra, 14.

^{page 455 note 6} For this purpose poems found in Barqūqī's edition of the Dīwān only have been included as poems not in the Dīwāns. This is because there is good reason to believe that they were taken from the Sīra by the editor of his source.

^{page 456 note 1} P. 534.

^{page 456 note 2}

^{page 456 note 3} Sīra, 935–8, Ibn ‘Asākir (ed. Badrān), IV, 130 ff., and III, 255–7. For a full discussion of the incident and the various poems see the article by the present writer in BSOAS, XVII, 3, 1955, 416–25.

^{page 456 note 4} Edited by von Kremer, Calcutta, 1856. See pp. 190, 191, 344, 346.

^{page 457 note 1} The text of the note is as follows: The note appears in the following MSS which the writer has seen or of which he possesses a photographic copy: B.M. MS Ad. 19,539; Paris MS Bibliothéque Nationale, Suppl. 1432; and Istanbul, Ahmet III, 118. See Dīwān; ed. Hirschfeld, n. to no. cci, p. 110. al-Sukkarī (d. 275) transmitted the poems from Ibn Ḥabīb (d. 245) who collected the Dīwān.

^{page 457 note 2} Mu‘jam al-udabā’ (Gibb Memorial Series, VI), VI, 473–6.

^{page 457 note 3} p. 9.

^{page 458 note 1} The plural form is used in the Arabic.

^{page 458 note 2} Qur'ān LIII, 50–1. Other verses quoted are: VI, 45; LXIX, 8; XXV, 38; XIV, 9.

^{page 458 note 3} p. 11.

^{page 458 note 4} See Sīra, p. 6.

^{page 458 note 5} Ṣaḥafiyy: ‘One who makes mistakes in reading MSS (ṡufruf)’ (Qāmūs) or ‘One who transmits error by muddling letters when reading MSS’ (Lisān). They were condemned by scholars as being ready to copy information from books, i.e. without checking it with a recognized teacher.

^{page 458 note 6} e.g. Sīra, 89, 418, 419.

^{page 458 note 7} e.g. ibid., 134, where a verse version of the Saj' is also given by Ibn Hishām.

^{page 458 note 8} e.g. 533.

^{page 458 note 9} op. cit., 179. See, for example, 12 (c) and 13 (i-j) below.

^{page 458 note 10} al-Fihrist (Cairo, A.H. 1348), 136.

^{page 459 note 1} op. cit., VI, 409.

^{page 459 note 2} op. cit., 204.

^{page 459 note 3} Sīra, 172–6.

^{page 459 note 4} op. cit., 11. See also Sīra, 6.

^{page 459 note 5} op. cit., 208–9.

^{page 459 note 6} Cousin of the Prophet. He opposed Islam and was said to have taken a leading part in the battle of slander against the Muslims until he embraced Islam just before the occupation of Macca. Sīra, 461, 607, etc.

^{page 459 note 7} Istanbul, Ahmet III, 2534. I have been able to obtain a photostat copy of this and another MS also in Istanbul (Ahmet III, 2613) with the kind help of the Institute of Arabic Manuscripts of the Arab League, Cairo.

^{page 460 note 1} A Madinese companion of the Prophet, who had established a reputation as a poet before Islam. He was killed at the Battle of Mu'ta, A.H. 8.

^{page 460 note 2} One line appears in Barqūqī's edition, p. 71.

^{page 460 note 3} Ibn al-Furāt and his son transmitted the Dīwān of Ḥassān from al-Sukkarī who transmitted it from Ibn Ḥabīb. The Dīwān was also transmitted from al-Sukkarī via al-Sīrafī.

^{page 460 note 4} Sīra, 350.

^{page 460 note 5} Khālid b. Ilyās or Iyas al-‘Adawī, a Madinese rawī and traditionist. Among those who transmitted his ‘riwāya’ was al-Wāqidī. As a traditionist he is not generally considered highly trustworthy (Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb, III, 80–1).

^{page 460 note 6} Son of Umayya b. Khalaf, of the clan of Jumaḥ. His father Umayya was killed at Badr, and he himself continued in his opposition to the Prophet until after the Conquest of Macca. See Sīra, 640, 472, etc.

^{page 460 note 7} According to Ibn Isḥāq he was one of four Qurashites who, shortly before Islam, rejected idolatry and went out in search of the ‘Ḥanīfiyya’. ‘Uthmān became a Christian and joined the Byzantine Emperor (Sīra, 143–4).

^{page 461 note 1} Ibrāhīm b. Hishām of Makhzum was a governor of Madīna for Hishām b. ‘Abd al-Malik, whose maternal uncle he was. On the death of Hishām, his successor al-Walīd b. Yazīd, who had a grudge against him, ordered both him and his brother Muḥammad b. Hishām to be tortured and put to death. In doing this he was abetted by Ibrāhīm's enemy, Yaḥyā b. ‘Urwa b. al-Zubair. Aghānī (I, 144, and XIV, 159) describes Ibrāhīm as vain, arrogant, and not of a placid disposition.

^{page 461 note 2} Aghānī (Būlāq, 1868), XIV, 125; Ibn ‘Asākir, Tārīkh, III, 262.

^{page 461 note 3} An Anṡārī of the Khazraj tribe and one of the earliest converts. He was present at the second ‘Aqaba meeting with the Prophet, and after the death of the Prophet was the only Anṡārī to support the claim of the Qurashites to the Caliphate in the historic meeting in the saqīfa of the Banī Sā'ida.

^{page 462 note 1} Aghānī, XIV, 130.

^{page 462 note 2} al-Kāmil, ed. Wright, 288. See also Dīwān of Ḥassān b. Thābit, ed. Barqūqī, 67.

^{page 462 note 3} On the margin of al-'Iqd (Cairo, A.H. 1293), 28–9.

^{page 462 note 4} Sīra, 539.

^{page 462 note 5} ibid., 508.

^{page 462 note 6}

^{page 462 note 7} See Ibn Sallām, op. cit., 213–14. Ibn Ju'duba was Yazīd b. ‘Iyāḍ, a pupil of al-Zuhrī, ‘Āṡim b. ‘Umar b. Qatāda, Zaid b. ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusain, and others. Opinions quoted by Ibn Ḥajar indicate that he did not command much respect as a traditionist. Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, XI, 44–6.

^{page 463 note 1} al-Kāmil, ed. Tornberg, (Brill, 1867), III, 151.Google Scholar

^{page 463 note 2} Dīwān, no. XX, 1. 3.

^{page 463 note 3} Sīra, 636.

^{page 463 note 4} ibid., 350. See § 13 above.

^{page 463 note 5} Kitāb Ṣiffīn, ed. Harun, (Cairo, 1946), 110.Google Scholar

^{page 463 note 6} Aghānī, I, 31.

^{page 463 note 7} Sīra, 450 ff.

^{page 463 note 8} See, for example, Ibn Sallām, op. cit., 200–1.

^{page 463 note 9} e.g. Kitāb Ṣiffīn, 27, 28, etc.