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Bioclimatic analyses for the distributions of Onthophagus nuchicornis, Onthophagus taurus, and Digitonthophagus gazella (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 June 2017

K.D. Floate Open the ORCID record for K.D. Floate [Opens in a new window] ,
D.W. Watson ,
R.M. Weiss  and
O. Olfert
K.D. Floate*
Affiliation:
Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1J 4B1, Canada
D.W. Watson
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-7626, United States of America
R.M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
O. Olfert
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: Kevin.Floate@agr.gc.ca)
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Abstract

Onthophagus nuchicornis (Linnaeus), Onthophagus taurus (Schreber), and Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini) are species of dung beetles that have been used in relocation programmes to accelerate the degradation of cattle dung on pastures. Exotic in North America, all three species have expanded their distributions since their introduction onto the continent. Here we report development of CLIMEX® bioclimatic models using data collected before 2011 that predict the eventual North American distributions of these species. Data collected after 2010 is used to validate these models. Model outputs identify large regions of the central United States of America suitable for establishment of O. nuchicornis and O. taurus where these species have not been reported. These results indicate that the latter two species may already be present in these regions and undetected, that they have yet to expand into these regions, and (or) that factors restricting migration or dispersal prevent these species from occupying these areas. Model outputs for D. gazella suggest that the species has largely reached its predicted maximum distribution. These models can be used to aid the success of future relocation programmes elsewhere in the world and (or) to predict regions where these species are likely to spread without human intervention.

Type
Biodiversity & Evolution
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 149 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 504 - 524
Copyright
© Entomological Society of Canada 2017. Parts of this are a work of Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Andrew Smith

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