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BODY WEIGHT OF PODISUS MACULIVENTRIS (SAY) UNDER VARIOUS FEEDING REGIMENS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Robert J. O’Neil  and
Robert N. Wiedenmann
Robert J. O’Neil
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
Robert N. Wiedenmann
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
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Abstract

Body weights were measured for Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) given low prey inputs. Predators were fed green bean slices ad lib and a single mealworm larva (Tenebrio molitor L.) of one of two size classes, for a 24-h period every 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 days. Other treatments included predators fed to excess of daily attacks, predators given only green bean slices, and predators given no food. Results showed that predators fed bean slices maintained body weight after an initial decline, whereas predators given no food lost weight continually until death. Predators maintained weight when fed prey ad lib, and when fed prey of either size daily. Those fed at longer intervals lost weight between feedings, and weight fluctuations increased as the interfeeding interval increased. Slopes of weight change between feedings did not differ significantly for predators fed at 2- through 16-day intervals. During oviposition, predators lost about 15 mg of body weight. Egg clutches comprised about 60% of the weight lost. Egg weights did not differ among treatments. The results suggest that P. maculiventris can survive long periods without prey, and adjusts its weight loss by reducing reproductive effort when prey become scarce. The importance of these adaptations for P. maculiventris to sustain populations in agricultural systems is discussed.

Résumé

La masse corporelle de Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera : Pentatomidae) a été déterminée pour des individus nourris d’une faible quantité de proies. Pour une période de 24 h, à tous les 1, 2, 4, 8 et 16 jours, les prédateurs ont été nourris à volonté de tranches de haricot vert et d’une grosse ou d’une petite chenille de Tenebrio molitor (L.). Dans d’autres traitements, les prédateurs ont été nourris d’un excès de grosses chenilles de T. molitor ou de tranches de haricot vert seulement ou n’ont reçu aucune nourriture. Les prédateurs nourris de haricots ont initiallement perdu du poids mais ont par la suite maintenu leur masse corporelle, alors que ceux auxquels on a refusé accès à la nourriture ont perdu du poids continuellement jusqu’à la mort. Les prédateurs nourris d’un excès de grosse chenilles ainsi que ceux nourris journalièrement d’une petite ou d’une grosse chenille ont maintenu leur poids. Par contre, lorsque l’intervalle entre chaque repas a été plus long, il y a eu perte de poids entre les repas, et cette perte s’est accentuée avec la durée des intervalles. Néanmoins, les niveaux de variation de poids (pentes des régressions) n’ont pas été significativement différents pour des intervalles de 2 à 16 jours. Pendant la ponte, les prédateurs ont perdu environ 15 mg de masse corporelle dont 60% est imputable à la masse des oeufs pondus. La masse des oeufs n’a pas différé entre les traitements. Les résultats suggèrent que P. maculiventris peut survivre longtemps sans proie et peut compenser pour sa perte de poids en réduisant son effort reproducteur lorsque les proies deviennent rares. L’importance de ces adaptations pour le maintient des populations de P. maculiventris dans les agro-systèmes est discutée.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 2 , April 1990 , pp. 285 - 294
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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