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INFLUENCE OF STARVATION ON DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION IN APTEROUS VIRGINOPARAE OF THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HARRIS) (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

K.L. Kouamé  and
M. Mackauer
K.L. Kouamé
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6
M. Mackauer*
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6
*
1Author to whom reprint requests should be addressed.
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Abstract

The influence of nutrient stress on growth, development, and reproduction in apterous virginoparae of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), was investigated in the laboratory. We tested the hypothesis that species with a high reproductive investment have low resistance to starvation. Aphids in two groups were starved daily from birth for 4 h and 6 h, respectively, and compared with feeding counterparts reared on leaves of broad beans, Vicia faba L. Aphid wet weight increased as an exponential function of age in all groups. Starved aphids had lower adult weight and required longer from birth to parturition than feeding aphids. These effects increased with the length of daily starvation. The number of offspring produced was correlated with adult dry weight. Aphids were unable to compensate, or to compensate completely, for water and nutrient loss resulting from starvation. It is suggested that pea aphids allocate resources first to maintenance and then to reproduction when deprived of food.

Résumé

L’influence de stress alimentaires sur la croissance, le développement et la reproduction de femelles aptères virginopares du Puceron du pois, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) a été étudiée en laboratoire. Nous avons éprouvé l’hypothèse selon laquelle les espèces qui dépensent beaucoup d’énergie à la reproduction ont une faible résistance au jeûne. Des pucerons de deux groupes ont été soumis à des jeûnes quotidiens de 4 h et de 6 h et comparés à des pucerons nourris de feuilles de gourganes, Vicia faba L. La masse fraîche des pucerons augmentait avec l’âge selon une fonction exponentielle chez tous les groupes. Les pucerons soumis au jeûne avaient une masse moins élevée une fois adultes et ils mettaient plus de temps à se développer de la naissance à la parturition. Ces effets étaient d’autant plus marqués que la période quotidienne déjeune était longue. Le nombre de rejetons produits était fonction de la masse sèche des adultes. Les pucerons étaient incapables de compenser, ou alors ne compensaient que partiellement, les pertes d’eau et d’éléments nutritifs causées par le jeûne. Il semble que, lors d’une carence alimentaire, les pucerons assurent d’abord leur survie avant d’utiliser leurs ressources pour la reproduction.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 87 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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