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Release of native Trichogramma minutum to control grape berry moth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Sudha Nagarkatti ,
Patrick C. Tobin ,
Michael C. Saunders  and
Andrew J. Muza
Sudha Nagarkatti
Affiliation:
Lake Erie Regional Grape Research and Extension Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 662 N Cemetery Road, North East, Pennsylvania 16428, United States of America
Patrick C. Tobin
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-3508, United States of America
Michael C. Saunders*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-3508, United States of America
Andrew J. Muza
Affiliation:
Erie County Cooperative Extension, 850 Gore Road, Erie, Pennsylvania 16509, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: mcs5@psu.edu).
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Abstract

We studied the effects of inundative releases of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma minutum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on economic injury by grape berry moth, Endopiza viteana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Trichogramma minutum originally collected from natural host populations near North East, Pennsylvania, was mass produced in tobacco hornworm hosts and Mediterranean flour moth. We released T. minutum in border rows, where grape berry moth infestation is typically high, of experiment field station and commercial vineyards from 1996 to 1999. We recorded significant reductions in economic injury in plots where parasitoids were released. In vineyards with low to moderate grape berry moth abundance, four releases during the growing season were adequate in reducing damage at harvest to below 3%. In high-risk vineyards, T. minutum releases reduced damage to levels below 15%. The use of buckwheat as a cover crop to provide nectar in combination with parasitoid releases showed potential benefits in parasitoid activity. A biocarrier and Biosprayer™ were used in mechanized parasitoid-release operations, and no adverse effect on parasitoid emergence was recorded from parasitized eggs using this approach.

Résumé

On a étudié les effets du relâchement d'inondation du parasitoïde de l'oeuf Trichogramma minutum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) des dommages économics dus à la tordeuse de la vigne, Endopiza viteana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Trichogramma minutum était remassé des populations naturelles qui se trouvaient près de la ville de North East, Pennsylvanie, pour faire la production en grands nombres. Les relâchements ont fait annuellement dans les vignobles de laboratoire et de commercials à partir de l'année 1996 jusqu'à l'année 1999 comprise. Les parasitoïdes n'a été que distribués autour des bords des vignobles où les infestations de la tordeuse de la vigne sont généralement plus sévère. Le relâchement de parasitoïdes a réduit significativement le dommage économic dus à la tordeuse de la vigne. Aux vignobles qu'ont l'abondance de la tordeuse de la vigne était au niveau léger à modéré, quatre relâchements pendant la campagne viticole ont accompli une réduction de dommage qui était moins de 3 %. Aux vignobles de risque élevée, le relâchement de parasitoïdes a réduit le niveau de dommage moins de 15 %. L'enrichissement de l'agroecosystème par l'utilization de sarrasin avec les relâchements de parasitoïdes avait des avantages potentiels dans l'activité des parasitoïdes. On a aussi fait une évaluation d'une méthode méchanisée pour dispenser en volume les oeufs parasités, et la qualité des parasitoïdes en fonction d'éclosion n'a pas été touchée par le relâchement.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 4 , August 2003 , pp. 589 - 598
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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