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Toward management guidelines for soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, in Quebec. II. Spatial distribution of aphid populations in commercial soybean fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Marc Rhainds ,
Jacques Brodeur ,
Daniel Borcard  and
Pierre Legendre
Marc Rhainds*
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1X 2B2
Jacques Brodeur
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1X 2B2
Daniel Borcard
Affiliation:
Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
Pierre Legendre
Affiliation:
Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: mrhainds@purdue.edu).
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Abstract

The study was conducted to document the spatial distribution of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in commercial fields of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. The abundance of aphids was assessed weekly at 12 sites in 2005 and 2006 on more than 135 georeferenced plants per site. Variograms and principal coordinates of neighbour matrices (PCNM) were used to detect significant spatial structures. Variograms indicated a spatially random distribution of aphid populations in a majority (84%) of fields-weeks. For the variograms with a defined structure, the variance between pairs of observations generally increased rapidly with the distance between plants up to a distance where it stabilized, a pattern adequately fitted by spherical models. Structured spatial distributions were more prevalent in 2005 than in 2006, especially at the end of the season. In 2006, PCNM analysis was more sensitive in detecting spatial trends than were variograms. PCNM analysis revealed significant patterns across a broad range of scales, with dominant periods averaging 22.6 and 47.1 m for the short and long transects, respectively. Sampling plants along a 100 m long transect at about 7.5 m intervals in soybean fields would allow detection of the spatial structures identified in this study.

Résumé

Cette étude a été entreprise afin de documenter la distribution spatiale du puceron du soya, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), dans des champs commerciaux de soya, Glycine max (L.) Merr., de la province de Québec. Le nombre de pucerons a été évalué sur une base hebdomadaire dans 12 sites en 2005 et 2006, en échantillonnant pour chaque site plus de 135 plants géoréférencés. Des variogrammes ainsi que des analyses des coordonnées principales de matrices de voisinage (CPMV) ont été utilisés pour détecter l’existence de patrons spatiaux significatifs. Les variogrammes ont indiqué un patron de distribution spatialement aléatoire des populations de pucerons pour une majorité (84 %) des sites-semaines. En ce qui concerne les variogrammes présentant une structure spatiale définie, la variance entre les paires d’échantillons augmentait généralement rapidement avec la distance entre les échantillons jusqu’à une certaine distance après laquelle la variance se stabilisait; ce patron de distribution spatiale était adéquatement décrit par un modèle de type sphérique. Des distributions spatiales structurées étaient plus fréquemment observées en 2005 qu’en 2006, surtout en fin de saison. En 2006, les analyses basées sur les CPVM furent plus sensibles que les variogrammes pour détecter les tendances spatiales. Les CPVM ont révélé des patrons significatifs pour une vaste gamme d’échelle spatiale, avec des périodes dominantes de 22.6 et 47.1 m en moyenne pour les transects courts et longs. L’échantillonnage des plants de soya le long d’un transect de 100 m avec un pas d’environ 7.5 m permettrait de détecter les patrons de distribution spatiale identifiés par la présente étude.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 140 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 219 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2008

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