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PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LODGEPOLE PINE WOUND RESPONSES TO A FUNGAL SYMBIONT OF THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

K. F. Raffa  and
A. A. Berryman
K. F. Raffa
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
A. A. Berryman
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
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Abstract

The acetone-soluble fraction of phloem tissue samples from 78 lodgepole pines was examined prior to and following artificial inoculation with Europhium clavigerum, a fungus transmitted by the mountain pine beetle. All trees showed quantitative increases in the concentration of extractives within 3 days after treatment. Further increases continued for at least 7 days. By this time qualitative changes in the chemical composition of the host tissue had also occurred.

Trees were defined as resistant or susceptible depending on whether they survived beetle attack under natural conditions. The composition of the acetone-soluble extracts was similar for the constitutive tissue of resistant and susceptible trees, but the total quantity of acetone extractives of reaction tissue was higher in resistant trees.

The ability of trees to respond to fungal inoculation is diminished by mass attack. Trees responded more extensively to inoculation prior to, than during, aggregation under field conditions. An experiment was conducted to simulate this relationship under controlled conditions by examining the effect of multiple fungal inoculations on the production of monoterpenes during the wound response. Individual trees showed a weaker quantitative response on stem sections administered high inoculation densities than on stem sections administered only a single inoculation. Those trees which responded most extensively to a single invasion by the pathogen were more responsive at all inoculum densities.

Résumé

La fraction soluble dans l'acétone d'échantillons de tissu du phloème prélevé sur 78 pins a été examinée avant et après l'inoculation de Europhium clavigerum, un champignon transmis par le dendroctone du pin ponderosa. La concentration des produits extractibles a augmenté quantitativement pour tous les arbres, en dedans de 3 jours après le traitement. Ces augmentations se sont poursuivies pendant au moins 7 jours, après lesquels des changements qualitatifs de la composition chimique du tissu hôte s'étaient aussi produits.

Les arbres ont été définis comme étant résistants ou susceptibles selon qu'ils ont ou n'ont pas survécu à l'attaque de l'insecte dans des conditions naturelles. La composition de extraits à l'acétone était similaire pour les tissus constitutifs d'arbres résistants et susceptibles, mais la quantité totale des produits extractibles par l'acétone pour les tissus produits en réponse à l'attaque était plus élevée chez les arbres résistants.

La capacité des arbres à réagir à l'inoculation fongique est diminuée par une attaque massive. Une expérience fût menée pour simuler cette situation sous des conditions contrôlées, en examinant l'effet d'inoculations fongiques multiples sur la production de monoterpènes au cours de la réaction à la blessure. Les arbres individuels ont montré une réaction quantitative plus faible pour les sections de tiges inoculées avec de fortes densités, que pour celles exposées à une seule inoculation. Les arbres qui ont réagi le plus à une seule invasion du pathogène réagissaient plus à toutes les densités d'inoculum.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 115 , Issue 7 , July 1983 , pp. 723 - 734
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1983

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