Younger specimens dark purple above with pearly markings, lavender or lilac beneath; older ones maroon to almost black above, sides mottled with several shades of purple and brown. Head free, purple, with a broad, white transverse band across the front; oral region whitish; vertex with a distinct, white, sagittate mark from antennæ to prothorax; a black ocellus-like speck on the middle of the vertex; a few short bristles upon vertex and front; eyes dark, close behind antennæ upon a black patch narrowly surrounded by purple. Antennæ longer than the body, except in largest individuals, segments variable in relative length, but approximately in the ratio of 1:6:7:1.5 or 1:7:9:2; basal segments stout, as long as broad, brownish, with short, white bristles; second brownish at base, purple at middle, pearly apically, hairy distally; third purple, hairy, with obscure, whorled subsegments on apical half, broadening towards apex, penultimate subsegment swollen on one side; terminal segment purple, lanceolate in outline with five to seven distinct, whorled subsegments. Body ovate dorsally with a re-entering angle.

The species of Lepyrus in North America have not heretofore been well understood. The genus has recently been treated monographically by an American writer, several forms being described for the first time: one of these has since been discovered to be identical with the European capucinus, Schall, and geminatus, Say, to be palustris, Scop.

In 1889 I received from the late William Brown, of Charlottetown, P. E. I., some larvæ of a small case-bearer, which he had found in large numbers upon his plum trees, and which also occurred in his pear and apple orchards. Since that time this insect has made itself well-known by its injuries in apple orchards in various localities in the Maritime Provinces, and in the Provinces of Quebec and Ontario. A beautifully illustrated and carefully prepared bulletin has been issued by Mr. M. V. Slingerland, of Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, in which the life history of this most interesting but very serious enemy of the fruit grower is fully described. The above illustration, kindly lent by the editor of the Canadian Horticulturist, is copied from that bulletin.

All of the species described below were taken in Colorado. For most of the specimens I am indebted to the industry of my wife, who has done a large amount of work with the sweep net in Northern Colorado. No American species have yet been described as belonging to any of the genera mentioned, though some of the species described under Allotria may possibly be referable to some one of them. A number of species of Allotria in my collection are left until such time as the already described forms are more fully elucidated.