Combinatorial structures that compose and decompose give rise to Hopf monoids in Joyal's category of species. The Hadamard product of two Hopf monoids is another Hopf monoid. We prove two main results regarding freeness of Hadamard products. The first one states that if one factor is connected and the other is free as a monoid, their Hadamard product is free (and connected). The second provides an explicit basis for the Hadamard product when both factors are free.

The first main result is obtained by showing the existence of a one-parameter deformation of the comonoid structure and appealing to a rigidity result of Loday and Ronco that applies when the parameter is set to zero. To obtain the second result, we introduce an operation on species that is intertwined by the free monoid functor with the Hadamard product. As an application of the first result, we deduce that the Boolean transform of the dimension sequence of a connected Hopf monoid is nonnegative.

Suppose that $Y$ is a cyclic cover of projective space branched over a hyperplane arrangement $D$ and that $U$ is the complement of the ramification locus in $Y$. The first theorem in this paper implies that the Beilinson–Hodge conjecture holds for $U$ if certain multiplicities of $D$ are coprime to the degree of the cover. For instance, this applies when $D$ is reduced with normal crossings. The second theorem shows that when $D$ has normal crossings and the degree of the cover is a prime number, the generalized Hodge conjecture holds for any toroidal resolution of $Y$. The last section contains some partial extensions to more general nonabelian covers.

We introduce a new basis of the algebra of non-commutative symmetric functions whose images under the forgetful map are Schur functions when indexed by a partition. Dually, we build a basis of the quasi-symmetric functions that expand positively in the fundamental quasi-symmetric functions. We then use the basis to construct a non-commutative lift of the Hall–Littlewood symmetric functions with similar properties to their commutative counterparts.

Let $F$ be a $p$-adic field of characteristic 0, and let $M$ be an $F$-Levi subgroup of a connected reductive $F$-split group such that $\Pi _{i=1}^{r}\,\text{S}{{\text{L}}_{ni}}\,\subseteq \,M\,\subseteq \,\Pi _{i=1}^{r}\,\text{G}{{\text{L}}_{ni}}$ for positive integers $r$ and ${{n}_{i}}$. We prove that the Plancherel measure for any unitary supercuspidal representation of $M\left( F \right)$ is identically transferred under the local Jacquet–Langlands type correspondence between $M$ and its $F$-inner forms, assuming a working hypothesis that Plancherel measures are invariant on a certain set. This work extends the result of Muić and Savin (2000) for Siegel Levi subgroups of the groups $\text{S}{{\text{O}}_{4n}}$ and $\text{S}{{\text{p}}_{4n}}$ under the local Jacquet–Langlands correspondence. It can be applied to a simply connected simple $F$-group of type ${{E}_{6}}$ or ${{E}_{7}}$, and a connected reductive $F$-group of type ${{A}_{n}},\,{{B}_{n}},\,{{C}_{n}}$ or ${{D}_{n}}$.

Let $\mathfrak{A}$ be a ${{C}^{*}}$-algebra with real rank zero that has the stable weak cancellation property. Let $\Im $ be an ideal of $\mathfrak{A}$ such that $\Im $ is stable and satisfies the corona factorization property. We prove that

$$0\,\to \,\Im \,\to \mathfrak{A}\,\to \,\mathfrak{A}/\Im \,\to \,0$$

is a full extension if and only if the extension is stenotic and $K$-lexicographic. As an immediate application, we extend the classification result for graph ${{C}^{*}}$-algebras obtained by Tomforde and the first named author to the general non-unital case. In combination with recent results by Katsura, Tomforde, West, and the first named author, our result may also be used to give a purely $K$-theoretical description of when an essential extension of two simple and stable graph ${{C}^{*}}$-algebras is again a graph ${{C}^{*}}$- algebra.

Let $\mathcal{V}$ be a variety of associative algebras generated by an algebra with 1 over a field of characteristic zero. This paper is devoted to the classification of the varieties $\mathcal{V}$ that are minimal of polynomial growth (i.e., their sequence of codimensions grows like ${{n}^{k}}$, but any proper subvariety grows like ${{n}^{t}}$ with $t\,<\,k$). These varieties are the building blocks of general varieties of polynomial growth.

It turns out that for $k\,\le \,4$ there are only a finite number of varieties of polynomial growth ${{n}^{k}}$, but for each $k\,>\,4$, the number of minimal varieties is at least $\left| F \right|$, the cardinality of the base field, and we give a recipe for their construction.

We prove that, in a setting of local Dirichlet forms on metric measure spaces, a two-sided sub-Gaussian estimate of the heat kernel is equivalent to the conjunction of the volume doubling property, the elliptic Harnack inequality, and a certain estimate of the capacity between concentric balls. The main technical tool is the equivalence between the capacity estimate and the estimate of a mean exit time in a ball that uses two-sided estimates of a Green function in a ball.

Let ${{F}_{2n,2}}$ be the free nilpotent Lie group of step two on $2n$ generators, and let $\mathbf{P}$ denote the affine automorphism group of ${{F}_{2n,2}}$. In this article the theory of continuous wavelet transform on ${{F}_{2n,2}}$ associated with $\mathbf{P}$ is developed, and then a type of radial wavelet is constructed. Secondly, the Radon transform on ${{F}_{2n,2}}$ is studied, and two equivalent characterizations of the range for Radon transform are given. Several kinds of inversion Radon transform formulae are established. One is obtained from the Euclidean Fourier transform; the others are from the group Fourier transform. By using wavelet transforms we deduce an inversion formula of the Radon transform, which does not require the smoothness of functions if the wavelet satisfies the differentiability property. In particular, if $n\,=\,1$, ${{F}_{2,2}}$ is the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group ${{H}^{1}}$, the inversion formula of the Radon transform is valid, which is associated with the sub-Laplacian on ${{F}_{2,2}}$. This result cannot be extended to the case $n\,\ge \,2$.