Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T14:39:25.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Youth Turnout: Adolescents' Attitudes in Ontario

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 October 2008

Cameron D. Anderson*
Affiliation:
The University of Western Ontario
Elizabeth Goodyear-Grant*
Affiliation:
Queen's University
*
Cameron D. Anderson, Department of Political Science, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5C2, cander54@uwo.ca.
Elizabeth Goodyear-Grant, Department of Political Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6, egg@queensu.ca.

Abstract

Abstract. The last two decades have witnessed dramatic downswings in voter turnout. Turnout decline among the youngest voters has been particularly pronounced, even discounting for normal life-cycle effects. Voting and abstention are habitual, so initial turnout decisions set the course for the life span. Consequently, greater attention to the immediate pre-adult years is necessary. This is the task we undertake using survey data on Ontario adolescents' attitudes toward voting.

Résumé. Les deux dernières décennies témoignent d'un déclin dramatique de la participation électorale. Chez les plus jeunes électeurs, cette tendance s'avère particulièrement prononcée, même en tenant compte des effets habituels du cycle de vie. Le fait de voter ou de s'en abstenir sont une question d'habitude, de sorte que la décision initiale de pparticiper ou non tend à déterminer le comportement pour la vie. Il importe donc d'accorder plus d'attention aux années précédant immédiatement l'âge adulte. C'est la tâche que nous entreprenons en nous appuyant sur les données de sondages portant sur l'attitude des adolescents de l'Ontario à l'égard du vote.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Political Science Association 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bhavnani, Kum-Kum. 1991. Talking Politics: A Psychological Framing for Views from Youth in Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bilodeau, Antoine and Kanji, Mebs. 2006. “Political Engagement among Immigrants in Four Anglo-Democracies.” Electoral Insight 8(2): 4349.Google Scholar
Blais, André. 2000. To Vote or Not to Vote: The Merits and Limits of Rational Choice Theory. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blais, André, Gidengil, Elisabeth, Nevitte, Neil and Nadeau, Richard. 2004. “Where Does Turnout Decline Come From?European Journal of Political Research 43: 221–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blais, André, Nadeau, Richard, Gidengil, Elisabeth and Nevitte, Neil. 2002. Anatomy of a Liberal Victory: Making Sense of the Vote in the 2000 Canadian Election. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, David E. 2006. Why We Vote: How Schools and Communities Shape Our Civic Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Carroll, Susan J. 2006. “Moms Who Swing, or Why the Promise of the Gender Gap Remains Unfulfilled.” Politics and Gender 2(3): 362–74.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Samprit, Hadi, Ali S. and Price, Bertram. 2000. Regression Analysis by Example. 3rded.New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Cohen, Adam B., Hall, Daniel E., Koenig, Harold G. and Meador, Keith. 2005. “Social Versus Individual Motivation: Implications for Normative Definitions of Religious Orientation.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 9(1): 4861.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, Adam B. and Hill, Peter C.. 2007. “Religion as Culture: Religious Individualism and Collectivism among American Catholics, Jews, and Protestants.” Journal of Personality 75(4): 709–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dalton, Russell J. and Wattenberg, Martin P.. 2000. Parties Without Partisans: Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Delli Carpini, Michael and Keeter, Scott. 1996. What Americans Know about Politics and Why It Matters. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Elections Canada. 2004. Estimation of Voter Turnout by Age Group at the 38th Federal General Election. Final report, December 2005. http://www.elections.ca/content.asp?section=loi&document=report38&dir=rep&lang=e&anchor=p14&textonly=false#p14. (May 17, 2007).Google Scholar
Erickson, Bonnie and Nosanchuk, T.A.. 1990. “How an Apolitical Association Politicizes.” Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 27: 206–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Everitt, Joanna. 1998. “The Gender Gap in Canada: Now You See It, Now You Don't.” Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 35(2): 191219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franklin, Mark N. 2004. Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of Electoral Competition in Established Democracies since 1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franklin, Mark N., Lyons, P. and Marsh, M.. 2004. “Generational Basis of Turnout Decline in Established Democracies.” Acta Politica 39(2): 115–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Green, Donald P. and Shachar, Ron. 2003. “Voting May Be Habit-Forming: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment.” American Journal of Political Science 47(3): 540–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gidengil, Elisabeth, Blais, André, Nevitte, Neil and Nadeau, Richard. 2004. Citizens. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.Google Scholar
Gimpel, James G., Schuknecht, Jason E. and Lay, J. Celeste. 2003. Cultivating Democracy: Civic Environments and Political Socialization in America. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Gordon, Tuula, Holland, Janet and Lahelma, Elina. 2000. Making Spaces: Citizenship and Difference in Schools. New York: St. Martin's Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanks, Michael. 1981. “Youth, Voluntary Associations and Political Socialization.” Social Forces 60(1): 211–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooghe, Marc and Stolle, Dietlind. 2004. “Good Girls Go to the Polling Booth, Bad Boys Go Everywhere: Gender Differences in Anticipated Political Participation among American Fourteen-Year-Olds.” Women & Politics 26(3/4): 123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howe, Paul. 2006. “Political Knowledge and Electoral Participation in the Netherlands: Comparisons with the Canadian Case.” International Political Science Review 27(2): 137–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyman, Herbert. 1969. Political Socialization. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Johnston, Richard, Matthews, J. Scott and Bittner, Amanda. 2007. “Turnout and the Party System in Canada, 1988–2004.” Electoral Studies 26: 735–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karp, Jeffrey A. and Brockington, David. 2005. “Social Desirability and Response Validity: A Comparative Analysis of Overreporting Voter Turnout in Five Countries.” The Journal of Politics 67(3): 825–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krampen, Günter. 2000. “Transition of Adolescent Political Action Orientations to Voting Behaviour in Early Adulthood in View of a Social-Cognitive Action Theory Model of Personality.” Political Psychology 21(2): 277–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDevitt, Michael and Chaffee, Steven. 2000. “Closing Gaps in Political Communication and Knowledge.” Communication Research 27(3): 259–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDevitt, Michael and Chaffee, Steven. 2002. “From Top-Down to Trickle-Up Influence: Revisiting Assumptions about the Family in Political Socialization.” Political Communication 19(3): 281301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meadowcroft, Jeanne M. 1986. “Family Communication Patterns and Political Development.” Communication Research 13(4): 603–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Warren and Shanks, J. Merrill. 1996. The New American Voter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Milner, Henry. 2002. Civic Literacy: How Informed Citizens Make Democracy Work. Hanover, NH: University of New England Press.Google Scholar
Nevitte, Neil. 1996. The Decline of Deference: Canadian Value Change in Cross-National Perspective. Peterborough, ON: Broadview.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nevitte, Neil, Blais, André, Gidengil, Elisabeth and Nadeau, Richard. 2000. Unsteady State: The 1997 Canadian Federal Election. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Niemi, Richard G. 1973. “Political Socialization.” In Handbook of Political Psychology, ed. Knutson, N.L.. San Francisco: Jossey-Base.Google Scholar
Niemi, Richard G. and Hepburn, M.A.. 1995. “The Rebirth of Political Socialization.” Perspectives on Political Science 24(1): 716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norris, Pippa. 2002. Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Neill, Brenda. 2001. “Generational Patterns in the Political Opinions and Behaviour of Canadians.” Policy Matters 2(5): 148.Google Scholar
Oyserman, Daphna, Coon, Heather M. and Kemmelmeier, Markus. 2002. “Rethinking Individualism and Collectivism: Evaluation of Theoretical Assumptions and Meta-Analysis.” Psychological Bulletin 128(1): 372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pammett, Jon H. and LeDuc, Lawrence. 2003. Explaining the Turnout Decline in Canadian Federal Elections: A New Survey of Non-Voters. http://www.elections.ca (last accessed June 23, 2008).Google Scholar
Pattie, Charles and Johnston, Ron. 2001. “A Low Turnout Landslide: Abstention at the British General Election of 1997.” Political Studies 49(2): 286305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plutzer, Eric. 2002. “Becoming a Habitual Voter: Inertia, Resources, and Growth in Young Adulthood.” American Political Science Review 96(1): 4156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popkin, Samuel L. 1991. The Reasoning Voter: Communication and Persuasion in Presidential Campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popkin, Samuel L. and Dimock, Michael A.. 1999. “Political Knowledge and Citizen Competence.” In Citizen Competence and Democratic Institutions, ed. Soltan, Karol Edward and Elkin, Stephen L.. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Ramakrishnan, S. Karthic and Espenshade, Thomas J.. 2001. “Immigrant Incorporation and Political Participation in the United States.” International Migration Review 35(3): 870909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubenson, Daniel, Blais, André, Fournier, Patrick, Gidengil, Elisabeth and Nevitte, Neil. 2004. “Accounting for the Age Gap in Turnout.” Acta Politica 39: 407–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlozman, Kay Lehman, Burns, Nancy, Verba, Sidney and Donahue, Jesse. 1995. “Gender and Citizen Participation: Is There a Different Voice?American Journal of Political Science 39(2): 267–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squire, P., Wolfinger, R.E. and Glass, D.P.. 1987. “Residential Mobility and Voter Turnout.” American Political Science Review 81: 4566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoker, Laura and Jennings, M. Kent. 1995. “Life-Cycle Transitions and Political Participation: The Case of Marriage.” American Political Science Review 89: 421–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Student's Assembly on Electoral Reform. 2007. The Students' Assembly Survey on Youth Attitudes to Democracy and Political Participation.Google Scholar
Valentino, N.A. and Sears, D.O.. 1998. “Event-Driven Political Communication and the Pre-adult Socialization of Partisanship.” Political Behavior 20(2): 127–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Kersbergen, Kees. 1999. “Contemporary Christian Democracy and the Demise of the Politics of Mediation.” In Continuity and Change in Contemporary Capitalism, ed. Kitschelt, Herbert, Lange, Peter, Marks, Gary and Stephens, John D.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Verba, Sidney, Schlozman, Kay Lehman and Brady, Henry. 1995. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, Max. 1930. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Westholm, A. 1999. “The Perceptual Pathway: Tracing the Mechanisms of Political Value Transfer across Generations.” Political Psychology 20: 525–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, Stephen, Nevitte, Neil, Blais, André, Everitt, Joanna, Fournier, Patrick and Gidengil, Elisabeth. 2006. “Making Up for Lost Time: Immigrant Voter Turnout in Canada.” Electoral Insight 8(2): 1016.Google Scholar
Young, Lisa and Everitt, Joanna. 2004. Advocacy Groups. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.Google Scholar