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Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: trends and practice variation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2015

Jacqueline G. Weinberg ,
Frank J. Evans ,
Kristin M. Burns ,
Gail D. Pearson  and
Jonathan R. Kaltman
Jacqueline G. Weinberg*
Affiliation:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
Frank J. Evans
Affiliation:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Kristin M. Burns
Affiliation:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
Gail D. Pearson
Affiliation:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
Jonathan R. Kaltman
Affiliation:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: J. Weinberg, MD, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Suite W3-200, Washington, DC 20010, United States of America. Tel: +202 476 2020; Fax: +202 476 5700; E-mail: jacqui.gale@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective

We sought to analyse the variation in the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus over three recent time points and characterise ductal ligation practices in preterm infants in the United States, adjusting for demographic and morbidity factors.

Methods

Using the Kids’ Inpatient Database from 2003, 2006, and 2009, we identified infants born at ⩽32 weeks of gestation with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus and ligation code. We examined patient and hospital characteristics and identified patient and hospital variables associated with ligation.

Results

Of 182,610 preterm births, 30,714 discharges included a patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis. The rate of patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis increased from 14% in 2003 to 21% in 2009 (p<0.001). A total of 4181 ligations were performed, with an overall ligation rate of 14%. Ligation rate in infants born at ⩽28 weeks of gestation was 20% overall, increasing from 18% in 2003 to 21% in 2009 (p<0.001). The ligation rate varied by state (4–28%), and ligation was associated with earlier gestational age, associated diagnoses, hospital type, teaching hospital status, and region (p<0.001).

Conclusion

The rates of patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis and ligation have increased in the recent years. Variation exists in the practice of patent ductus arteriosus ligation and is influenced by patient and non-patient factors.

Keywords

Patent ductus arteriosuspreterm infantsurgical ligationneonate
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 26 , Issue 6 , August 2016 , pp. 1107 - 1114
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2015 

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