The Chinese people are entering the eighth decade of the 20th century full of confidence and with a firm belief that they are moving towards the goal of modernization. In 1979, as the first of the battles for the realization of this goal, China put into practice the policy of “ readjustment, reform, rectification and improvement ” of the national economy. “ Readjustment ” means essentially changing the national economic structure and eliminating serious imbalance of ratios in order to remove obstacles to the further development of the national economy. “ Reform ” means chiefly reform of the economic system.