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Cation-dipole interactions in clay organic complexes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

K. K. Bissada ,
W. D. Johns  and
F. S. Cheng
K. K. Bissada
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Washington University, St Louis
W. D. Johns
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Washington University, St Louis
F. S. Cheng
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Washington University, St Louis
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Abstract

Quantitative gas chromatographic analyses supplemented by X-ray diffraction studies of the adsorption of ethanol and acetone (as model polar organic compounds) on homoionic montmorillonite revealed marked variation in the number of molecules associated with each exchange cation. The results show increasing association in the order K+ <Na+<Ba2+<Ca2+. K+ and Na+ associate with two and three molecules, respectively, of either ethanol or acetone, and the resulting complexes expand to form a monolayer (∼13 Å). Ba2+ and Ca2+ form both monolayer complexes as well as double layer complexes. In the single layer complexes Ba2+ associates with either four molecules of ethanol or four molecules of acetone, Ca2+ associates with five molecules of ethanol or four molecules of acetone. In the double-layer complexes the observed cation-molecule ratios are 1 : 8 for both Ba2+-ethanol and Ba2+-acetone, 1 : 10 for Ca2+-ethanol, and 1 : 8 for Ca2+-acetone.

The striking dependence of ethanol and acetone adsorption on the nature of the exchangeable cation suggests that cation-dipole interactions play an important role in the adsorption process. Structural models of the organic complexes are presented.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 7 , Issue 2 , December 1967 , pp. 155 - 166
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1967

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