Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T18:39:32.252Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Geochemical correlation of bentonites from Milos Island, Aegean, Greece

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

G. E. Christidis
G. E. Christidis*
Affiliation:
Technical University of Crete, Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, 73100 ChaniaGreece
*
*E-mail: christid@mred.tuc.gr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Major and trace chemical elements from eleven Lower Pleistocene bentonite deposits from Eastern Milos Island, Aegean, Greece, were used for geochemical fingerprinting of the bentonites, by means of scatter binary and ternary plots and canonical discriminant analysis. The trace elements were selected according to their immobility during bentonite formation and subsequent hydrothermal alteration. The bentonites can be separated into at least four geographically distinct groups, each consisting of materials with similar geochemical affinities. The deposits of each group were derived from protoliths erupted from different volcanic centres, suggesting the existence of at least two distinct volcanic provinces, having rhyolitic and andesitic affinities respectively. Several deposits consist of more than one bentonite horizon, indicating that in some volcanic centres the character of volcanism changed with time. Geochemical fingerprinting, supplemented with geological, mineralogical, and textural evidence, may be useful for correlation and exploration of bentonites, in terrains with complex geological histories.

Keywords

bentonitegeochemical fingerprintingMilos IslandGreece
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , September 2001 , pp. 295 - 306
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bennett, H. & Oliver, G.J. (1976) Development of fluxes for the analysis of ceramic materials by X-ray spectrometry. Analyst, 101, 803–807.Google Scholar
Cas, R.A.F. & Wright, J.V. (1988) Volcanic Successions. Unwin Hyman, London.Google Scholar
Christidis, G. (1995) Mechanism of illitization of bentonites in the geothermal field of Milos Island, Greece. Evidence based on mineralogy, chemistry, particle thickness and morphology. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 567–594.Google Scholar
Christidis, G. (1998) Comparative study of the mobility of major and trace elments during alteration of an andesite and a rhyolite to bentonite, in the islands of Milos and Kimolos, Aegean, Greece. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 379–399.Google Scholar
Christidis, G. & Dunham, A.C. (1993) Compositional variations in smectites: Part I: Alteration of intermediate volcanic rocks. A case study from Milos Island, Greece. Clay Miner. 28, 255–273.Google Scholar
Christidis, G. & Dunham, A.C. (1997) Compositional variations in smectites: Part II: Alteration of acidic precursors. A case study from Milos Island, Greece. Clay Miner. 32, 253–270.Google Scholar
Christidis, G., Scott, P.W. & Marcopoulos, T. (1995) Origin of the bentonite deposits of Eastern Milos, Aegean, Greece: geological, mineralogical and geochemical evidence. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 63–77.Google Scholar
Fischer, R.V. & Schmincke, H.U. (1984) Pyroclastic Rocks. Springer Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Fyticas, M., Innocenti, F., Kolios, N., Manetti, P., Mazzuoli, R., Poli, G., Rita, F. & Villari, L. (1986) Volcanology and petrology of volcanic products from the island of Milos and neighbouring islets. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 28, 297–317.Google Scholar
Grim, R.E & Güven, N. (1978) Bentonites. Geology, Mineralo gy, Propert ies and Uses. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Huff, W.D (1983) Correlation of Middle Ordovician Kbentonites based on chemical fingerprinting. J. Geol. 91, 657–669.Google Scholar
Huff, W.D & Kolata, D.R. (1989) Correlation of K-bentonite beds by chemical fingerprinting using multivariate statistics. Pp. 567–577 in: Quantitative Dynamic Stratigraphy (T.A. Cross, editor). Prentice Hall, New Jersey.Google Scholar
Huff, W.D., Anderson, T.B., Rundle, C.C. & Odin, G.S. (1991) Chemostratigraphy, K-Ar ages and illitization of Silurian K0-bentonites from the Central Belt of the Southern Uplands–Down–Longford terrane, British Isles. J. Geol. Soc. 148, 861–868.Google Scholar
Komadel, P., Lear, R.P. & Stucki, J.W. (1990) Reduction and reoxidation of nontronite: extent of reduction and reduction rates. Clays Clay Miner. 38, 203–208.Google Scholar
Patterson, S.H. & Murray, H.H. (1983) Clays. Pp. 519–585 in: Industrial Minerals and Rocks (Lefond, S.J., editor). AIME, New York.Google Scholar
Pearce, J.A., Harris, N.B.W. & Tindle, A.G. (1984) Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. J. Petrol. 25, 956–983.Google Scholar
Rock, N.M.S. (1988) Numerical Geology. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences. Springer Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Wetzenstein, W. (1972) Die bentonitlagerstätten im Osteil der Insel Milos und ihre mineralogische Zussamensetzung. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece, 6, 144–171.Google Scholar
Winchester, J.A. & Floyd, P.A. (1977) Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements. Chem. Geol. 20, 325–343.Google Scholar