Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T21:56:49.621Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Hydration of reduced-charge montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

P. Komadel ,
J . Hrobáriková ,
L’. Smrčok  and
B. Koppelhuber-Bitschnau
P. Komadel*
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
J . Hrobáriková
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
L’. Smrčok
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
B. Koppelhuber-Bitschnau
Affiliation:
Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Rechbauer Strasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
*
*E-mail: uachkomp@savba.sk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A series of reduced-charge montmorillonites with cation exchange capacities of 89, 73, 49 and 29% of the starting mineral was prepared from a Li-saturated smectite (Kriva Palanka, Republic of Macedonia) by heating at 110, 130, 160 and 300°C for 24 h (samples KP110 – KP300, respectively). Hydration properties of this series were investigated gravimetrically and by in situ XRD at different relative humidities (RHs). In the gravimetric experiments, higher water contents were observed for desorption than for sorption and hysteresis was present over the whole range of RHs for all the samples. The parent montmorillonite and the samples KP110 and KP130 retained similar amounts of water under the same conditions, thus showing that the decreased negative charge on the layers had minor effect on the water uptake at all investigated RHs. Significantly decreased water content was retained by KP160 while KP300 contained only 8% water at 100% RH. The d001 values of the parent montmorillonite and the samples KP110 and KP130 increased with RH, while those of KP160 and KP300 were independent of RH and remained at ∼10.4 and ∼9.6 Å, respectively.

Keywords

smectiteLi-fixationcharge reductionswellingin situ XRD
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 543 - 550
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bérend, I., Cases, J.M., François, M., Uriot, J.P., Michot, L., Masion, A. & Thomas, F. (1995) Mechanism of adsorption and desorption of water vapour by homoionic montmorillonites: 2. The Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+ exchanged forms. Clays and Clay Minerals, 43, 324–336.Google Scholar
Boek, E.S., Coveney, P.V. & Skipper, N.T. (1995) Monte Carlo molecular modeling studies of hydrated Li-, Na-, and K-smectites: Understanding the role of potassium as a clay swelling inhibitor. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117, 12608–12617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bray, H.J., Redfern, S.A.T. & Clark, S.M. (1998) The kinetics of dehydration in Ca-montmorillonite: an in situ X-ray diffra ction study. Mineralogical Magazine, 62, 647–656.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. & Ertem, G. (1971) Preparation and solvation properties of some variable charge montmorillonites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 19, 399–404.Google Scholar
Bujdák, J., Slosiariková, H., Nováková, L’. & Čičel, B. (1991) Fixation of lithium cations in montmorillonite. Chemistry Papers, 45, 499–507.Google Scholar
Bujdák, J., Petrovičová, I. & Slosiariková, H. (1992) Study of water-reduced charge montmorillonite system. Geologica Carpathica, Series Clays, 43, 109–111.Google Scholar
Calvet, R. & Prost, R. (1971) Cation migration into empty octahedral sites and surface properties of clays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 19, 175–186.Google Scholar
Cases, J.M., Berend, G., Besson, M., François, M., Uriot, J.P., Thomas, F. & Poirier, J.E. (1992) Mechanism of adsorption-desorption of water vapor by homoionic montmorillonite. 1. The sodium exchanged form. Langmuir, 8, 2730–2739.Google Scholar
Cebula, D.J., Thomas, R.K. & White, J.W. (1981) Diffusion of water in Li-montmorillonite studied by quasielastic neutron scattering. Clays and Clay Minerals, 29, 241–248.Google Scholar
Chang, F.-R.C., Skipper, N.T. & Sposito, G. (1997) Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations of interfacial structure in lithium-montmorillonite hydrates. Langmuir, 13, 2074–2082.Google Scholar
číčel, B. & Komadel, P. (1994) Structural formulae of layer silicates. Pp. 114–136 in: Quantitativ e Methods in Soil Mineralogy (Amonette, J.E. & Zelazny, L.W., editors). Soil Science Society of America, Miscellaneous Publication, Madison, WI, USA.Google Scholar
Hofmann, U. & Klemen, R. (1950) Verlust der Austauschfähigkeit von Lithiumionen an Bentonit durch Erhitzung. Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 262, 95–99.Google Scholar
Hrobáriková, J., Madejová, J. & Komadel, P. (2001) Effect of heating temperature on Li fixation, layer charge and properties of fine fractions of bentonites. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 11, 1452–1457.Google Scholar
Jaynes, W.F. & Bigham, J.M. (1987) Charge reduction, octahedral charge, and lithium retention in heated, Li-saturated smectites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 35, 440–448.Google Scholar
Komadel, P., Bujdák, J., Madejová, J., Šucha, V. & Elsass, F. (1996) Effect of non-swelling layers on the dissolution of reduced-charge montmorillonite in hydrochloric acid. Clay Minerals, 31, 333–345.Google Scholar
Laird, D.A. (1996) Model for crystalline swelling of 2:1 phyllosilicate s. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 553–559.Google Scholar
Low, P.F. (1980) The swel ling of clay: I I . Montmorillonite. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 44, 667–676.Google Scholar
Madejová, J., Bujdák, J., Gates, W.P. & Komadel, P. (1996) Preparation and infrared spectroscopic characterization of reduced-charge montmorillonite with various Li content. Clay Minerals, 31, 233–241.Google Scholar
Madejová, J., Bujdák, J., Petit, S. & Komadel, P. (2000) Effect of chemical composition and temperature of heating on the infrared spectra of Li-saturated dioctahedral smectites. (I) Mid-infrared region. Clay Minerals, 35, 739–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meier, L.P. & Nüesch, R. (1999) The lower cation exchange capacity limit of montmorillonite. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 217, 77–85.Google Scholar
Moore, D.M. & Hower, J. (1986) Ordered interstratification of dehydrated and hydrated Na-smectite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 34, 379–384.Google Scholar
Norrish, K. (1954) The swelling of montmorillonite. Discussions of the Faraday Society, 18, 120–133.Google Scholar
Ormerod, E.C. & Newman, A.C.D. (1983) Water sorption on Ca-saturated Clays: II. Internal and external surfaces of montmorillonite. Clay Minerals, 18, 289–299.Google Scholar
Powell, D.H., Tongkhao, K., Kennedy, S.J. & Slade, P.G. (1997) A neutron diffraction study of interlayer water in sodium Wyoming montmorillonite using a novel difference method. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45, 290–294.Google Scholar
Powell, D.H., Fischer, H.E. & Skipper, N.T. (1998) The structure of interlayer water in Li-montmorillonite studied by neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 102, 10899–10905.Google Scholar
Ravina, I. & Low, P.F. (1977) Change of b-dimension with swelling of montmorillonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 25, 201–204.Google Scholar
Sato, T., Watanabe, T. & Otsuka, R. (1992) Effects of layer charge, charge location, and energy change on expansion properties of dioctahedral smectites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40, 103–113.Google Scholar
Skipper, N.T., Sposito, G. & Chang, F.-R.C. (1995) Monte Carlo simulation of interlayer molecular structure in swelling clay minerals: 2. Monolayer hydrates. Clays and Clay Minerals, 43, 294–303.Google Scholar
Tamura, K., Yamada, H. & Nakazawa, H. (2000) Stepwise hydration of high-quality synthetic smectites with various cations. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48, 400–404.Google Scholar
Wu, J., Low, P.F. & Roth, C.B. (1989) Effects of octahedral-iron reduction and swelling pressure on interlayer distances in Na-montmorillonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 37, 211–218.Google Scholar
Zhang, F., Zhang, Z.Z., Low, P.F. & Roth, C.B. (1993) The effect of temperature on the swelling of montmorillonite. Clay Minerals, 28, 25–31.Google Scholar