Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T18:18:38.525Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Smectite-polymer interactions in aqueous systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

S. Burchill ,
P. L. Hall ,
R. Harrison ,
M. H. B. Hayes ,
J. I. Langford ,
W. R. Livingston ,
R. J. Smedley ,
D. K. Ross  and
J. J. Tuck
S. Burchill
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
P. L. Hall
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
R. Harrison
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
M. H. B. Hayes
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
J. I. Langford
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
W. R. Livingston
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
R. J. Smedley
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
D. K. Ross
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
J. J. Tuck
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Neutron scattering studies have indicated that the non-coordinated water at smectite surfaces has a similar mobility to that of bulk water, but that the water coordinated to the cations is immobile on the time scale of the neutron measurements. Thus hydrophylic polymers can readily displace the non-coordinated water and bind to the silicate surface, and to the exchangeable cations through a water-bridge mechanism. Poly(ethylene oxide) molecules with molecular weights up to 4000 appear to be bound to Na-montmorillonite in flattened conformations at the clay surface. Poly(vinyl alcohol) is extensively bound by Na-montmorillonite and by Na-Laponite (a synthetic hectorite-like clay); as binding progresses fewer molecule segments can contact the surface and so at the higher levels of adsorption extensive loops of polymer extend away from the silicate surface. Some polyanions provide good protection for smectites against flocculation with salt. The abilities of such polymers to protect the clays is dependent both on the extents of the charges and on the solution conformations which these polymers can assume.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , December 1983 , pp. 373 - 397
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1983

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ash, S.G. (1973) Polymer adsorption at the solid/liquid interface. Pp. 103–122 in: Colloid Science vol. 1, Specialist Periodical Reports (D. H. Everett, editor). The Chemical Society, London.Google Scholar
Ash, S.G., Everett, D.H. & Findenegg, G.H. (1968a) Thermodynamics of adsorption from solution. Part 3—the parallel-layer model. Trans. Faraday Soc. 64, 2639–2644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ash, S.G, Everett, D.H. & Findenegg, G.H. (1968b) Multilayer theory of adsorption from solution. Mixtures of monomers and dimers. Trans. Faraday Soc. 64, 2645–2666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ash, S. G., Everett, D.H. & Findenegg, G.H. (1970) Multilayer theory of adsorption of H-mers and its application to flexible tetramers and trimers. Trans. Faraday Soc. 66, 708–722.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Audsley, A. & Fursey, A. (1965) Examination of a polysaccharide flocculant and flocculated kaolinite by electron microscopy. Nature 208, 753–754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barshad, I. (1969) Preparation of Na+-saturated montmorillonite. Soil Sci. 107, 337–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, A.P., Birkner, F.B. & Morgan, J.J. (1966) The effect of polymer adsorption on the electrokinetic stability of dilute clay suspensions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 21, 626–648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brantly, J.E. (1961) Rotary Drilling Handbook. Palmer Publications London.Google Scholar
Burchill, S. & Hayes, M.H.B. (1980) Adsorption of polyvinyl alcohol) by clay minerals. Pp. 108-121 in: Agrochemicals in Soils (Banin, A. & Kafkafi, U., editors). Pergamon, Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Burchill, S., Hayes, M.H.B. & Greenland, D.J. (1981) Adsorption. Pp. 221–400 in: The Chemistry of Soil Processes (D. J. Greenland, & M. H. B. Hayes, editors). Wiley, Chichester and New York.Google Scholar
Carr, Ce. & Greenland, D.J. (1975) Soil conditioners. Report on the Progress of Applied Chemistry 1974 59, 269–290.Google Scholar
Cebula, D.j., Thomas, R.K., Middleton, S., Ottewill, R.H. & White, J.W. (1979) Neutron diffraction from clay-water systems. Clays Clay Miner. 27, 39–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chassin, P., Nakage, N. & Lebarre, R. (1977) Influence des substances humiques sur les propertes des argiles. Clay Miner. 12, 261–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crook, L. (1975) Oil Terms. Wilton House Publications, London.Google Scholar
Dannenberg, E.M. (1975) The effects of surface chemical infractions on the properties of filler-reinforced rubbers. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 48, 410–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darley, H.C.H. (1969) A laboratory investigation of borehole stability. J. Petroleum Technology, 883–892.Google Scholar
Dianoux, A.J., Volino, F. & Hervet, H. (1975) Incoherent scattering law for neutron quasi-elastic scattering in liquid crystals. Mol. Phys. 30, 1181–1194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dollimore, D. & Horridge, T.A. (1972) The filtration of beds of china clay flocculated by polyacrylamide. Powder Technology 5, 111–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ensminger, L.E. & Gieseking, J.E. (1939) The adsorption of proteins by montmorillonitic clays. Soil Sci. 48, 467–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ensminger, L.E. & Gieseking, J.E. (1941) The adsorption of proteins by montmorillonitic clays and its effect on base-exchange capacity. Soil Sci. 51, 125–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ensminger, L.E. & Gieseking, J.E. (1942) Resistance of clay-adsorbed proteins to proteolytic hydrolysis. Soil Sci. 53, 205–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Field, L.J. (1968) Low solids non-dispersed mud usage in Western Canada. Spring Meeting of the Rocky Mountain District, API Division of Production, 162–177.Google Scholar
Finch, P., Hayes, M.H.B. & Stacey, M. (1967) Studies of soil polysaccharides and on their interaction with clay preparations. Trans. Comm. II and IV Int. Soc. Soil Sci. Aberdeen, 19-32.Google Scholar
Fleer, G.J., Koopal, L.K. & Lyklema, J. (1972) Polymer adsorption and its effect on the stability of hydrophobic colloids. Kolloid Z. und Z. fur Polymere 250, 689–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fripiat, J.J. (1980) The application of NMR to the study of clay minerals. Pp. 245–315 in: Advanced Chemical Methods for Soil and Clay Minerals Research (Stucki, J. W. & Banwart, W. L., editors). D. Reidel Company, Dordrecht and Boston.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frisch, H.L. (1955) Polymer chain configurations near a boundary exerting forces. J. Phys. Chem 59, 633–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frisch, H.L. & Simha, R. (1954) The adsorption of flexible macromolecules. II. J. Phys. Chem. 58, 507–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frisch, H.L. & Simha, R. (1957) Statistical mechanics of high polymers at surfaces. J. Chem. Phys. 27, 702–706.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frisch, H.L., Simha, R. & Eirich, F.R. (1953) Statistical mechanics of polymer adsorption. J. Chem. Phys. 21, 365–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garvey, M.J., Tadros, Th.F. & Vincent, B. (1974) A comparison of the volume occupied by macromolecules in the adsorbed state and in bulk solution. Adsorption of narrow molecular weight fractions of poly(vinyl alcohol) at the polystyrene water interface. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 49, 57–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geoghegan, M.J. & Brian, R.C. (1946) Influence of bacterial polysaccharides on aggregate formation in soils. Nature 158, 837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geoghegan, M.J. & Brian, R.C. (1948) Aggregate formation in soil. 2. Influence of various carbohydrates and proteins in aggregation of soil particles. Biochem. J. 43, 5–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenland, D.J. (1963) Adsorption of polyvinylalcohols by montmorillonite. J. Colloid Sci. 18, 647–664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, P.L. (1982) Neutron scattering techniques for the study of clay minerals. Pp. 51–75 in: Advanced Techniques for Clay Mineral Analysis (Fripiat, J. J., editor). Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Hall, P.L., Harrison, R., Hayes, M.H.B., Tuck, J.J. & Ross, D.K. (1983) Particle orientation distributions and stacking arrangements in size-fractionated montmorillonite measured by neutron and X-ray diffraction. J. Chem. Soc, Faraday Trans. 1 79, 1687–1700.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, P.L., Hayes, M.H.B., Tuck, J.J., Ross, D.K. & Dianoux, A.J. (1984) Quasi-elastic neutron scattering studies of the dynamics of interclated molecules in charge deficient layer silicates. III. Comparison of models and experimental data for water in montmorillonite and vermiculite. Dependence on particle size and exchangeable cation. J. Chem. Soc, Faraday Trans. I. (in press).Google Scholar
Hall, P.L., Ross, D.K. & Anderson, I.S. (1979) Direct model fitting of uncorrected time-of-flight data from quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments. Nuclear Instruments and Methods 159, 347–359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, P.L., Ross, D.K., Tuck, J.J. & Hsyes, M.H.B. (1978) Dynamics of interlamellar water in divalent cation exchanged expanding lattice clays. Proc. Intern. Atomic Energy Agency Symp. on Neutron Inelastic Scattering, Vienna, 1977, Vol. 1,617–635.Google Scholar
Hall, P.L., Ross, D.K., Tuck, J.J. & Hsyes, M.H.B. (1979) Neutron scattering studies of the dynamics of interlamellar water in montmorillonite and vermiculite. Pp. 121–130 in: Proc. Vlth Intern. Clay Conf. Oxford, 1978 (Mortland, M. M. & Farmer, V. C., editors). Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Harben, P. (1976) Chemicals—their use in oil well drilling. European Chemical News, Large Plants Supplement 29, 84–86.Google Scholar
Harrison, R. (1982) A study of some montmorillonite-organic complexes. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham.Google Scholar
Haworth, W.N., Pinkard, F. & Stacey, M. (1946) Function of bacterial polysaccharides in soil. Nature 158, 836–837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsyes, M.H.B. (1980) The role of natural and synthetic polymers in stabilizing soil aggregates. Pp. 263–296 in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (Berkeley, R. C. W., Lynch, J. M., Melling, J., Rutter, P. R. & Vincent, B., editors). Ellis Harwood, Chichester.Google Scholar
Hsyes, M.H.B. & Himes, F.L. (1984) Nature and properties of humus-mineral complexes. In: Interactions of Soil Minerals with Natural Organics and Microbes (Huang, P. M., editor). Soil Science Society of America, Madison, (in press).Google Scholar
Hesselink, F.Th. (1969) Density distributions of a terminally adsorbed macromolecule. J. Phys. Chem. 73, 3488–3490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hesselink, F.Th. (1975) On the density distribution of segments of adsorbed macromolecules: The effect of dangling tails. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 50, 606–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoeve, C.A.J. (1965) Density distribution of polymer segments in the vicinity of an adsorbing surface. J. Chem. Phys. 43, 3007–3008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoeve, C.A.J. (1970) On the general theory of polymer adsorption at a surface. J. Polymer Sci. 33, 361–367.Google Scholar
Hoeve, C.A.J. (1971) Theory of polymer adsorption at interfaces. J. Polymer Sci. 34, 1–10.Google Scholar
Hoeve, C.A.J., Dimarzio, E.A. & Peyser, P. (1965) Adsorption of polymer molecules at low surface coverage. J. Chem. Phys. 42, 2558–2565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isaacson, P.J. & Hsyes, M.H.B. (1984). The interaction of hydrazine hydrate with humic acid preparations at pH 4. J. Soil Sci. 35 (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordine, E.St.A. (1973) Fine structure of polyelectrolytes and clay-organic complexes. J. Electron Microscopy 12, 236–239.Google Scholar
Kavanagh, B.V., Posner, A.M. & Quirk, J.P. (1975) Effects of polymer adsorption on the properties of the electrical double layer. Disc. Faraday Soc. 59, 242–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kavanagh, B.V., Posner, A.M. & Quirk, J.P. (1976) The adsorption of polyvinyl alcohol on gibbsite and goethite. J. Soil Sci. 27, 467–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, J. (1968) Drilling problem shales. Oil and Gas J. 67–70.Google Scholar
Langford, J.I., Hsyes, M.H.B. & Livingston, W.R. (1980) Diffraction studies of natural and synthetic clay minerals. Proc. 9th Conf. on Applied Crystallography, Kozubnik, 1978, 798–808.Google Scholar
Livingston, W.R. (1981) The adsorption of hydrophylic polymers by synthetic hectorite. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham.Google Scholar
Malcolm, G.N. & Rowlinson, J.S. (1957) The thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol and dioxane. Trans. Faraday Soc. 53, 921–931.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J.P. (1945) Microorganisms and soil aggregation I. Origin and nature of some of the aggregating substances. Soil Sci. 59, 163–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J.P. (1946) Microorganisms and soil aggregation. II. Influence of bacterial polysaccharides on soil structure. Soil Sci. 61, 157–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mattson, S. (1932) The laws of soil colloidal behaviour: Proteins and proteinated complexes. Soil Sci. 23, 41–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaels, A.S. (1954) Aggregation of suspensions by polyelectrolytes. Ind. Eng. Chem. 46, 1485–1490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mondshine, T.C. & Kercheville, J.D. (1966) Successful gumbo-shale drilling. Oil and Gas J. 194–205.Google Scholar
Morris, H.H. & Brooks, L.E. (1974) Pigmentation of paper goods. Pp. 205–213 in: Pigment Handbook, Vol. 2 (Patton, T. C., editor). Wiley, New York.Google Scholar
Nash, L.K. (1974) Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics, 2nd Edition. Addison-Wesley Reading, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Neumann, B.S. (1962) Improvements in or relating to synthetic clay-like minerals. British Patent Application No. 1054111. Google Scholar
Neumann, B.S. (1965) Behaviour of a synthetic clay in pigment dispersions. Rheol. Acta 4, 250–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neumann, B.S. & Sansom, K.G. (1970) The formation of stable sols from Laponite, a synthetic hectorite-like clay. Clay Miner. 8, 389–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nijhoff, G.J.J. & Zaalberg Van Zelst, E.F. (1960) Effect of CMC-viscosity on drilling mud properties. Petroleum 23, 49–52.Google Scholar
Perkel, R. & Ullman, R. (1961) Adsorption of poly(dimethylsiloxanes) from solution. J. Polymer Sci. 54, 127–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Posner, A.M. & Quirk, J.P. (1964) The adsorption of water from concentrated electrolyte solution by montmorillonite and illite. Proc. Roy. Soc. 275a, 35–56.Google Scholar
Roberson, H.M., Weir, A.H. & Woods, R.D. (1968) Morphology of particles in size-fractionated Na-montmorillonite. Clays Clay Miner. 16, 239–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roe, R.J. (1965) Conformation of an isolated polymer molecule at an interface. II. Dependence on molecular weight. J. Chem. Phys. 43, 1591–1598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roe, R.J. (1966) Conformation of an isolated polymer molecule at an interface. III. Distributions of segment densities near the interface and of other shape parameters. J. Chem. Phys. 44, 4264–4272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roe, R.J. (1974) Multilayer theory of adsorption from a polymer solution J. Chem. Phys. 60, 4192–4207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, W.F. (1953) Composition and Properties of Oil Well Drilling Fluids. Gulf Publishing Co. Houston.Google Scholar
Ross, D.K. & Hall, P.L. (1980) Neutron scattering methods of investigating clay systems. Pp. 93–168 in: Advanced Chemical Methods for Soil and Clay Minerals Research (Stucki, J. W. & Banwart, W. L., editors). D. Reidel Company, Dordrecht and Boston.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruehrwein, R.A. & Ward, D.W. (1952) Mechanism of clay aggregation by polyelectrolytes. Soil Sci. 73, 485–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schloesing, Th. (1874) Determination de I'argile dans la terre arable. Compt. Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Acad. des Sciences 78, 1276–1279.Google Scholar
Silberberg, A. (1962a) The adsorption of flexible macromolecules. Part II. The shape of the adsorbed molecule; the adsorption, isotherm, surface tension, and pressure. J. Phys. Chem. 66, 1884–1907.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silberberg, A. (1962b) The adsorption of flexible macromolecules Part I. The isolated macromolecule at a plane interface. J. Phys. Chem. 66, 1872–1883.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simha, R., Frisch, H.L. & Eirich, F.R. (1953) Adsorption of flexible macromolecules J. Phys. Chem. 57, 584–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smedley, R.J. (1978) Interactions of organic chemicals with clays and with synthetic resins. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham.Google Scholar
Stromberg, R.R. (1967) Adsorption of polymers. Pp. 69–118 in: Treatise on Adhesion and Adhesives (Patrick, R. L., editor) 1. Marcel Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
Tadros, Th.F. (1978) Adsorption of poly(vinyl alcohol) on silica at various pH values and its effect on the flocculation of the dispersion. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 64, 36–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theng, B.K.G. (1979) Formation and Properties of Clay-Polymer Complexes. Elsevier, Amsterdam and New York.Google Scholar
Tuck, J.J. (1981) Dynamics of water in the interlayer spaces of expanding lattice clay minerals. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham.Google Scholar
Tuck, J.J.,Hall, P.L., Burchill, S., Hsyes, M.H.B., Ross, D.K. & Hayter, J.B. (1984) Quasi-elastic neutron scattering studies of the dynamics of intercalated molecules in charge deficient layer silicates. II. High-resolution measurements of the diffusion of water in montmorillonite. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans 1 (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuck, J.J., Hall, P.L., Hsyes, M.H.B. & Ross, D.K. (1981) Models for the motion of interlayer water in divalent exchanged montmorillonite and vermiculite. Pp. 38–46 in: Water Dynamics at Clays, Hydroxides, Charged Polymers and Protein Surfaces. A Workshop on Water at Interfaces (Touret-Poinsignon, C. & Timmons, P., editors). Ref. No. 81t055s. Inst. Max Von Laue—Paul Langevin, Grenoble.Google Scholar
Tuck, J.J., Hall, P.L., Hsyes, M.H.B. & Ross, D.K. & Poinsignon, C. (1983) Quasi-elastic neutron scattering studies of the dynamics of intercalated molecules in charge deficient layer silicates. I. Temperature dependence of the scattering from water in Ca2+-montmorillonite. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans 1 79 (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Olphen, H. & Fripiat, J.J. (1979) Data Handbook for Clay Minerals and other Non-Metallic Minerals. Pergamon, Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Waksman, S.A. & Martin, J.P. (1939) The role of microorganisms in the conservation of the soil. Science 90, 304–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed