Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T03:08:12.747Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Effect of Acid and Heat Treatment on Montmorillonoids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

A. C. Mathers ,
S. B. Weed  and
N. T. Coleman
A. C. Mathers
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
S. B. Weed
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
N. T. Coleman
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

H-montmorillonite, -beidellite, and -nontronite were found to change spontaneously into Al-clays. Rates of conversion of H- to Al-clay were slow at 0°C, but at temperatures of around 100°C, moist H-montmorillonite changed to Al-saturated montmorillonite within 24 hours. It appeared that Al-ions moved from lattice positions to exchange positions, with octahedral Al moving more rapidly than tetrahedral Al.

Treatment of montmorillonoids with HCl solutions at 80°C resulted in the removal of large quantities of Fe, Mg, and Al. The residue after hot acid treatment appeared to be a mixture of essentially unaltered montmorillonoid and SiO2, rather than a new mineral.

On heat treatment, H- and Al-montmorillonites became largely non-expanding of 300°C, and lost the bulk of the CEC which could be attributed to permanent lattice charge, H- and Al-nontronite and -beidellite, on the other hand, did not suffer irreversible dehydration and loss of CEC until heated to sufficiently high temperatures to cause the expulsion of lattice OH. Montmorillonites with largely octahedral charge had smaller CEC’s after heating to 500°C than did montmorillonites with appreciable tetrahedral charge.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 3 , February 1954 , pp. 403 - 412
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 1954

References

Coleman, N. T., and Harward, M. E. (1953) The hcats of neutralisation of acid clays and cation-exchange resins: Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 75, pp. 6045–6046.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Earley, J. W., Osthaus, B. B., and Milne, I. H. (1953) Purification and properties of montmorillonite: Am. Mineral., vol. 38, pp. 707–724.Google Scholar
Glasser, R. (1946) Effet du traitement acide sur la capacite d'echange de base de la montmorillonite: Comptes Rendus, vol. 222, pp, 1241-1242.Google Scholar
Greene-Kelley, R. (1952) Irreversible dehydration of montmorillonite: Clay Min. Bull., vol. 1, pp. 221–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grenall, A. (1949) Montmorillonite cracking catalyst: Indus. Eng. Chem., vol. 41, pp. 1485–1489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harward, M. E., and Coleman, N. T. (1954) Some properties of H- and Al-clays and exchange resins: Soil Sci., vol. 78, pp. 181–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerr, P. F., Main, M. S., and Hamilton, P. K. (1950) Occurrence and microscopic examination of reference clay mineral specimens: API Preliminary Report No. 5.Google Scholar
Schofield, R. K. (1939) The electrical charges on clay particles: Soils and Fertilizers, vol. 2, pp. 1–5.Google Scholar
Thomas, C. L., Hickey, J., and Stecker, G. (1950) Chemistry of clay cracking catalysts: Indus. Eng. Chem., vol. 42, pp. 866–871.CrossRefGoogle Scholar