Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T08:43:14.010Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Origin of Allophane and Retardation of Pebble Weathering in Quaternary Marine Terrace Deposits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Gi Young Jeong ,
Jin Han Bae  and
Chang Sik Cheong
Gi Young Jeong*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, South Korea
Jin Han Bae
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, South Korea
Chang Sik Cheong
Affiliation:
Isotope Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Taejon 305-333, South Korea
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: jearth@andong.ac.kr
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Quaternary marine terrace deposits consisting of gravels interbedded with thin sandy gravel layers have been subjected to subaerial weathering. Restricted to the sandy gravel layers, allophane gel either replaced bytownite sands to form a pseudomorph or coated the pebbles. The allophane has an average Al/Si atomic ratio of 1.5 with 45% H2O. The sandy gravels were originally rich in bytownite (av. An86) sands derived from underlying Tertiary basaltic lapilli tuff. The highly soluble and aluminous bytownite favored the formation of allophane. In the sandy gravel layers, pebbles coated with allophane gel were almost fresh whereas those in the gravel layers were highly weathered to form halloysite-rich clays. Allophane gels acted as a somewhat impermeable geochemical barrier impeding a mineral-water reaction in the bytownite-rich sandy gravel layers and thus significantly retarding pebble weathering, while prolonged weathering in the gravel layers resulted in the severe decomposition of pebbles. Bytownite protected the pebbles against weathering, implying that minor soluble minerals might be one of the factors in the natural variation of the weathering rates of rocks and sediments.

Keywords

AllophaneBytowniteGravelMarine TerraceWeathering
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 2 , April 2002 , pp. 145 - 156
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bain, D.C. Ritchie, P.F.S. Clark, D.R. and Duthie, D.M.L., (1980) Geochemistry and mineralogy of weathered basalt from Morvern, Scotland Mineralogical Magazine 43 865–872 10.1180/minmag.1980.043.331.07.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bockheim, J.G. Kelsey, H.M. and Marshall, J.G. III, (1992) Soil development, relative dating, and correlation of late Quaternary marine terraces in southwestern Oregon Quaternary Research 37 60–74 10.1016/0033-5894(92)90006-5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blum, A.E. Stillings, L.L., White, A.F. and Brantley, S.L., (1995) Feldspar dissolution kinetics Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicates Washington, D.C. Mineralogical Society of America 291–351 10.1515/9781501509650-009 Reviews in Mineralogy, 31 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Childs, C.W. Hayashi, S. and Newman, R.H., (1999) Five-coordinate aluminum in allophane Clays and Clay Minerals 47 64–69 10.1346/CCMN.1999.0470107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courchesne, F. Turmel, M.-C. and Beauchemin, P., (1996) Magnesium and potassium release by weathering in Spodosols: grain surface coating effects Soil Science Society of America Journal 60 1188–1196 10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000040033x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eggleton, R.A., (1987) Noncrystalline Fe-Si-Al-oxyhydroxides Clays and Clay Minerals 35 29–37 10.1346/CCMN.1987.0350104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eggleton, R.A. Foudoulis, C. and Varkevisser, D., (1987) Weathering of basalt: changes in rock chemistry and mineralogy Clays and Clay Minerals 35 161–169 10.1346/CCMN.1987.0350301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V.C., (1984) Distribution of allophane and organic matter in podzol B horizons: reply to Buurman and van Reeuwijk Journal of Soil Science 35 453–458 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1984.tb00302.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feijtel, T.C.J. Jongmans, A.G. and van Doesburg, J.D.J., (1989) Identification of clay coatings in an old Quaternary terrace of the Allier, Limagne, France Soil Science Society of America Journal 53 876–882 10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300030041x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaines, R. Skinner, H.C. Foord, E.E. Mason, B. and Rosenzweig, A., (1997) Dana’s New Mineralogy New York John Wiley & Sons 1819.Google Scholar
Goldich, S.S., (1938) A study in rock weathering Journal of Geology 46 17–58 10.1086/624619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henmi, T. and Wada, K., (1976) Morphology and composition of allophane American Mineralogist 61 379 390.Google Scholar
Jeong, G.Y., (1998) Formation of vermicular kaolinite from halloysite aggregates in the weathering of plagioclase Clays and Clay Minerals 46 270–279 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeong, G.Y., (1998) Vermicular kaolinite epitactic on primary phyllosilicates in the weathering profiles of anorthosite Clays and Clay Minerals 46 509–520 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460306.Google Scholar
Jeong, G.Y., (2000) The dependence of localized crystallization of halloysite and kaolinite on primary minerals in the weathering profile of granite Clays and Clay Minerals 48 196–203 10.1346/CCMN.2000.0480205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeong, G.Y. and Kim, S.J., (1993) Boxwork fabric of halloysite-rich kaolin formed by weathering of anorthosite in Sancheong area, Korea Clays and Clay Minerals 41 56–65 10.1346/CCMN.1993.0410106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeong, G.Y. and Lee, B.Y., (1998) Weathering of plagioclase in Palgongsan granite Journal of the Geological Society of Korea 34 44 57.Google Scholar
Jeong, G.Y. Kim, S.J. Kim, Y.H. and Cho, H.G., (1995) Kaolinite formation by weathering of biotite in Sancheong kaolin Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea 8 37 45.Google Scholar
Jongmans, A.G. Veldkamp, E. van Breemen, N. and Staritsky, I., (1993) Micromorphological characterization and micro-chemical quantification of weathering in an alkali basalt pebble Soil Science Society of America Journal 57 128–134 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700010025x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongmans, A.G. van Oort, F. Buurman, P. Jaunet, A.M. and van Doesburg, J.D.J., (1994) Morphology, Chemistry and Mineralogy of isotropic aluminosilicate coatings in a Guadeloupe Andisol Soil Science Society of America Journal 58 501–507 10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800020036x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongmans, A.G. Verburg, P. Nieuwenhuyse, A. and van Oort, F., (1995) Allophane, imogolite, and gibbsite in coatings in a Costa Rican Andisol Geoderma 64 327–342 10.1016/0016-7061(94)00015-3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongmans, A.G. Denaix, L. van Oort, F. and Nieuwenhuyse, A., (2000) Induration of C horizons by allophane and imogolite in Costa Rican volcanic soils Soil Science Society of America Journal 64 254–262 10.2136/sssaj2000.641254x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwon, S.T., Ree, J.H., Park, Y. and Rhodes, E.J. (1999) An active fault in the southeastern Korean peninsula: Evidence from optically stimulated luminescence dating. P. 27 in: Abstracts with Program of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of Korea, Seosan, Korea.Google Scholar
Langley-Turnbaugh, S.J. and Bockheim, J.G., (1997) Time-dependent changes in pedogenic processes on marine terraces in coastal Oregon Soil Science Society of America Journal 61 1428–1440 10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100050022x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, B.J. Ryoo, C.-R. and Chwae, U., (1999) Quaternary faults in the Yangnam area, Kyongju, Korea Journal of the Geological Society of Korea 35 1 14.Google Scholar
Lee, D.Y., (1985) Quaternary deposits in the coastal fringe of the Korean Peninsula Brussels Vrije Universiteit 290 pp.Google Scholar
Murakami, T. Kogure, T. Kadohara, H. and Ohnuki, T., (1998) Formation of secondary minerals and its effect on anorthite dissolution American Mineralogist 83 1209–1219 10.2138/am-1998-11-1209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newman, A.C.D. Brown, G. and Newman, A.C.D., (1987) The chemical constitution of clays Chemistry of Clays and Clay Minerals London Mineralogical Society 1 128.Google Scholar
Nesbitt, H.W. and Wilson, R.E., (1992) Recent chemical weathering of basalt American Journal of Science 292 740–777 10.2475/ajs.292.10.740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nugent, M.A. Brantley, S.L. Pantano, C.G. and Maurice, P.A., (1998) The influence of natural mineral coatings on feldspar weathering Nature 395 588–591 10.1038/26951.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parfitt, R.L. and Furkert, R.J., (1980) Identification and structure of two types of allophane from volcanic ash soils and tephra Clays and Clay Minerals 28 328–334 10.1346/CCMN.1980.0280502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parfitt, R.L. and Kimble, J.M., (1989) Conditions of formation of allophane in soils Soil Science Society of America Journal 53 971–977 10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300030057x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sieffermann, G. and Millot, G. (1969) Equatorial and tropical weathering of recent basalts from Cameroon: allophanes, halloysite, metahalloysite, kaolinite, and gibbsite. Pp. 417–430 in: Proceedings of the International Clay Conference, Tokyo (Heller, L., editor). Israel University Press, Jerusalem.Google Scholar
Sudo, T. Shimoda, S. Yotsumoto, H. and Aita, S., (1981) Electron Micrographs of Clay Minerals Tokyo Kodansha and Elsevier 203 pp.Google Scholar
Gaast, S.J. Wada, K. Wada, S.-I. and Kakuto, Y., (1985) Small-angle X-ray powder diffraction, morphology, and structure of allophane and imogolite Clays and Clay Minerals 33 237–243 10.1346/CCMN.1985.0330310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Oort, F., Jongmans, A.G. and Jaunet, A.M. (1994) The progression from optical light microscopy to transmission electron microscopy in the study of soils. Clay Minerals, 29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veldkamp, E. Jongmans, A.G. Feijtel, T.C. Veldkamp, A. and Breeman, N., (1990) Alkali basalt gravel weathering in Quaternary Allier river terraces, Limagne, France Soil Science Society of America Journal 54 1043–1048 10.2136/sssaj1990.03615995005400040019x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wada, K., Dixon, J.B. and Weed, S.B., (1989) Allophane and Imogolite Minerals in Soil Environments Madison, Wisconsin, USA Soil Science Society of America 1051 1087.Google Scholar
Wada, K. and Yoshinaga, N., (1969) The structure of imogolite American Mineralogist 54 50 71.Google Scholar
Welch, S.A. and Ullman, W.J., (1996) Feldspar dissolution in acidic and organic solutions: Compositional and pH dependence of dissolution rate Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60 2939–2948 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00134-2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar