Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2024-06-06T20:25:22.081Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Neither age nor osteoarthritis is associated with synovial fluid antioxidant disturbance or depletion in the horse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2009

R C Murray ,
C M Deaton ,
N C Smith ,
W E Henley  and
D J Marlin
R C Murray*
Affiliation:
Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, SuffolkCB8 7UU, UK
C M Deaton
Affiliation:
Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, SuffolkCB8 7UU, UK
N C Smith
Affiliation:
Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, SuffolkCB8 7UU, UK
W E Henley
Affiliation:
Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, SuffolkCB8 7UU, UK
D J Marlin
Affiliation:
Hartpury College, Hartpury, Gloucester, UK
*
*Corresponding author: rachel.murray@aht.org.uk
Get access

Abstract

Studies investigating the role of oxidative stress in both the ageing process and osteoarthritis (OA) in human beings are limited by the unavailability of samples from healthy subjects. OA occurs naturally in the horse and has been used as a model of human OA. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ageing and OA on the non-enzymatic synovial fluid antioxidant status of the horse. The concentrations of ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate (DHA, oxidized ascorbic acid), uric acid, glutathione, α-tocopherol and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined in paired synovial fluid and plasma samples from 25 horses aged between 3 and 25 years. Osteoarthritic lesions were scored from 0 (healthy) to 4 (severe OA). Glutathione was not detectable in synovial fluid. Neither plasma nor synovial fluid antioxidant concentrations were affected by age. Ascorbic acid concentrations in plasma correlated strongly with those in synovial fluid from both healthy (P < 0.001) and diseased joints (P = 0.003). Synovial fluid concentrations of ascorbic acid and uric acid were not influenced by OA compared with healthy joints. However, the concentration of DHA was slightly, but significantly, elevated in synovial fluid from joints with severe OA (95% CI: [2.2, 11.8] μmol l− 1; P < 0.001). OA is associated with only a mild oxidative burden, which does not appear to overwhelm the synovial fluid antioxidant capacity. Consequently, antioxidant supplementation is unlikely to have a beneficial effect in the treatment of OA.

Keywords

jointageingoxidative stresspathology
Type
Research Paper
Information
Comparative Exercise Physiology , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , August 2009 , pp. 121 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

†

Present address: School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.

References

1 Lawrence, RC, Helmick, CG, Arnett, FC, Deyo, RA, Felson, DT, Giannini, EH, et al. (1998). Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and selected musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Arthritis and Rheumatism 41: 778–799.3.0.CO;2-V>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2 Yelin, E and Callahan, LF (1995). The economic cost and social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions. National Arthritis Data Work Groups. Arthritis and Rheumatism 38: 1351–1362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3 Henrotin, Y, Kurz, B and Aigner, T (2005). Oxygen and reactive oxygen species in cartilage degradation: friends or foes? Osteoarthritis Cartilage 13: 643–654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4 Yudoh, K, Nguyen, T, Nakamura, H, Hongo-Masuko, K, Kato, T and Nishioka, K (2005). Potential involvement of oxidative stress in cartilage senescence and development of osteoarthritis: oxidative stress induces chondrocyte telomere instability and downregulation of chondrocyte function. Arthritis Research and Therapy 7: R380–R391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5 Clancy, R, Rediske, J, Koehne, C, Stoyanovsky, D, Amin, A, Attur, M, et al. , (2001). Activation of stress-activated protein kinase in osteoarthritic cartilage: evidence for nitric oxide dependence. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 9: 294–299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6 Sevanian, A, Davies, KJ and Hochstein, P (1991). Serum urate as an antioxidant for ascorbic acid. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 54: 1129S–1134S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7 Beutler, AM, Keenan, GF, Soloway, S, Norden, D, Luchi, M and Schumacher, HR Jr (1996). Soluble urate in sera and synovial fluids from patients with different joint disorders. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 14: 249–254.Google ScholarPubMed
8 Fairburn, K, Grootveld, M, Ward, RJ, Abiuka, C, Kus, M, Williams, RB, et al. . (1992). Alpha-tocopherol, lipids and lipoproteins in knee-joint synovial fluid and serum from patients with inflammatory joint disease. Clinical Science (London) 83: 657–664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9 Ostalowska, A, Birkner, E, Wiecha, M, Kasperczyk, S, Kasperczyk, A, Kapolka, D, et al. . (2006). Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in synovial fluid of patients with primary and secondary osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 14: 139–145.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10 McAlindon, TE and Biggee, BA (2005). Nutritional factors and osteoarthritis: recent developments. Current Opinions in Rheumatology 17: 647–652.Google ScholarPubMed
11 March, LM and Bagga, H (2004). Epidemiology of osteoarthritis in Australia. The Medical Journal of Australia 180: S6–S10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12 Corti, MC and Rigon, C (2003). Epidemiology of osteoarthritis: prevalence, risk factors and functional impact. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 15: 359–363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13 Jallali, N, Ridha, H, Thrasivoulou, C, Underwood, C, Butler, PE and Cowen, T (2005). Vulnerability to ROS-induced cell death in ageing articular cartilage: the role of antioxidant enzyme activity. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 13: 614–622.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14 Branch, MV, Murray, RC, Dyson, SJ and Goodship, AE (2004). Site specific, age-related changes and their implications for joint disease. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 12(Suppl. B): S32.Google Scholar
15 Branch, MV, Murray, RC, Dyson, SJ and Goodship, AE (2005). How does structure of the osteochondral unit change with age? Transactions Orthopaedic Research Society 30: 1427.Google Scholar
16 Murray, RC, Birch, HL, Lakhani, K and Goodship, AE (2001). Biochemical composition of equine carpal articular cartilage is influenced by short-term exercise in a site-specific manner. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 9: 625–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17 Murray, RC, DeBowes, RM, Gaughan, EM, Zhu, CF and Athanasiou, KA (1998). The effects of intra-articular methylprednisolone and exercise on the mechanical properties of articular cartilage in the horse. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 6: 106–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18 Murray, RC, Vedi, S, Birch, HL, Lakhani, KH and Goodship, AE (2001). Subchondral bone thickness, hardness and remodelling are influenced by short-term exercise in a site-specific manner. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 19: 1035–1042.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19 Murray, RC, Zhu, CF, Goodship, AE, Lakhani, KH, Agrawal, CM and Athanasiou, KA (1999). Exercise affects the mechanical properties and histological appearance of equine articular cartilage. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 17: 725–731.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20 Dimock, AN, Siciliano, PD and McIlwraith, CW (2000). Evidence supporting an increased presence of reactive oxygen species in the diseased equine joint. Equine Veterinary Journal 32: 439–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21 Smith, NC, Dunnett, M and Mills, PC (1995). Simultaneous quantitation of oxidised and reduced glutathione in equine biological fluids by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography B. Biomedical Applications 673: 35–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22 Liau, LS, Lee, BL, New, AL and Ong, CN (1993). Determination of plasma ascorbic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and electrochemical detection. J Chromatography 612: 63–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23 Bieri, JG, Tolliver, TJ and Catignani, GL (1979). Simultaneous determination of alpha-tocopherol and retinol in plasma or red cells by high pressure liquid chromatography. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32: 2143–2149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24 Marlin, DJ, Fenn, K, Smith, N, Deaton, CD, Roberts, CA, Harris, PA, et al. . (2002). Changes in circulatory antioxidant status in horses during prolonged exercise. Journal of Nutrition 132: 1622S–1627S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25 Dohoo, IR, Leslie, K, DesCoteaux, L, Fredeen, A, Dowling, P, Preston, A, et al. . (2003). A meta-analysis review of the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin 1. Methodology and effects on production. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 67: 241–251.Google ScholarPubMed
26 Deaton, CM, Marlin, DJ, Smith, NC, Harris, PA, Roberts, CA, Schroter, RC, et al. . (2004). Pulmonary epithelial lining fluid and plasma ascorbic acid concentrations in horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction. American Journal of Veterinary Research 65: 80–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27 Ralston, SL, Nockels, CF and Squires, EL (1988). Differences in diagnostic test results and hematologic data between aged and young horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 49: 1387–1392.Google ScholarPubMed
28 Lunec, J and Blake, DR (1985). The determination of dehydroascorbic acid and ascorbic acid in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Free Radical Research and Communication 1: 31–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29 McNulty, AL, Stabler, TV, Vail, TP, McDaniel, GE and Kraus, VB (2005). Dehydroascorbate transport in human chondrocytes is regulated by hypoxia and is a physiologically relevant source of ascorbic acid in the joint. Arthritis and Rheumatism 52: 2676–2685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30 Stabler, TV and Kraus, VB (2003). Ascorbic acid accumulates in cartilage in vivo. Clinica Chimica Acta 334: 157–162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31 McNulty, AL, Vail, TP and Kraus, VB (2005). Chondrocyte transport and concentration of ascorbic acid is mediated by SVCT2. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1712: 212–221.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32 Kurz, B, Jost, B and Schunke, M (2002). Dietary vitamins and selenium diminish the development of mechanically induced osteoarthritis and increase the expression of antioxidative enzymes in the knee joint of STR/1N mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 10: 119–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33 Kaiki, G, Tsuji, H, Yonezawa, T, Sekido, H, Takano, T, Yamashita, S, et al. , (1990). Osteoarthrosis induced by intra-articular hydrogen peroxide injection and running load. J Orthopaedic Research 8: 731–740.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34 Brand, C, Snaddon, J, Bailey, M and Cicuttini, F (2001). Vitamin E is ineffective for symptomatic relief of knee osteoarthritis: a six month double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 60: 946–949.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35 Schwartz, ER, Oh, WH and Leveille, CR (1981). Experimentally induced osteoarthritis in guinea pigs: metabolic responses in articular cartilage to developing pathology. Arthritis and Rheumatism 24: 1345–1355.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36 McAlindon, TE, Jacques, P, Zhang, Y, Hannan, MT, Aliabadi, P, Weissman, B, et al. (1996). Do antioxidant micronutrients protect against the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis? Arthritis and Rheumatism 39: 648–656.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37 Kraus, VB, Huebner, JL, Stabler, T, Flahiff, CM, Setton, LA, Fink, C, et al. (2004). Ascorbic acid increases the severity of spontaneous knee osteoarthritis in a guinea pig model. Arthritis Rheumatism 50: 1822–1831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38 Kurz, B and Schunke, M (1997). Articular chondrocytes and synoviocytes in culture: influence of antioxidants on lipid peroxidation and proliferation. Annals of Anatomy 179: 439–446.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39 Wong, SF, Halliwell, B, Richmond, R and Skowroneck, WR (1981). The role of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in the degradation of hyaluronic acid induced by metal ions and by ascorbic acid. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 14: 127–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed