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Counting Morse functions on the 2-sphere

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2008

Liviu I. Nicolaescu*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-4618, USA (email: nicolaescu.1@nd.edu)
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Abstract

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We count how many ‘different’ Morse functions exist on the 2-sphere. There are several ways of declaring that two Morse functions f and g are ‘indistinguishable’ but we concentrate only on two natural equivalence relations: homological (when the regular sublevel sets f and g have identical Betti numbers) and geometric (when f is obtained from g via global, orientation-preserving changes of coordinates on S2 and ℝ). The count of homological classes is reduced to a count of lattice paths confined to the first quadrant. The count of geometric classes is reduced to a count of certain labeled trees, which is encoded by certain elliptic integrals.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation Compositio Mathematica 2008